Born Jorge Mario Bergoglio in Buenos Aires, Argentina, he became the first pope from the Americas and the first Jesuit to hold the office. (Photo: Getty Images)
POPE FRANCIS, who has died at the age of 88, led the Catholic Church through a period of reform, challenge, and global engagement.
Born Jorge Mario Bergoglio in Buenos Aires, Argentina, he became the first pope from the Americas and the first Jesuit to hold the office.
This timeline highlights some of the major events in his life and ministry.
December 17, 1936 – Jorge Mario Bergoglio is born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, the son of Italian immigrants.
December 13, 1969 – Ordained a priest.
July 31, 1973 – Becomes head of the Jesuits in Argentina.
May 20, 1992 – Appointed Bishop of Auca and Auxiliary of Buenos Aires.
February 28, 1998 – Appointed Archbishop, Primate of Argentina. He is known for commuting to work by public transport, not living in the archbishop’s palace and cooking his own meals.
February 21, 2001 – Appointed a cardinal by Pope John Paul II.
April 19, 2005 – Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is elected pope after four ballots, taking the name Benedict. Subsequent leaks show that Bergoglio came second in all the secret ballots.
March 13, 2013 – Bergoglio is elected pope following the resignation of Pope Benedict. He takes the name Francis and becomes the first non-European pope in 1,300 years.
July 8, 2013 – Makes his first pastoral trip outside Rome to the Italian island of Lampedusa and speaks against the "globalisation of indifference" to the plight of migrants.
July 29, 2013 – In a news conference onboard the papal plane, Francis says: "If someone is gay and he searches for the Lord and has good will, who am I to judge?"
November 26, 2013 – Issues a major apostolic exhortation calling for deep renewal of the Church.
February 24, 2014 – Creates a new Vatican body to coordinate economic and administrative affairs.
May 24–26, 2014 – Visits the Holy Land. Lays a wreath at the tomb of the founder of modern Zionism and prays in front of the Israeli security wall.
June 18, 2015 – Releases encyclical “Laudato Si” focused on environmental concerns.
April 8, 2016 – Publishes a document urging priests to be more accepting of divorced or remarried Catholics, single parents and LGBT people, while rejecting same-sex marriage.
June 26, 2016 – Says Christians owe apologies to LGBT people and others harmed by the Church.
November 2, 2016 – Tells reporters the Catholic ban on female priests is forever.
January 2, 2017 – Says bishops must show zero tolerance to clergy who abuse children and asks forgiveness for the harm done.
June 28, 2017 – Cardinal George Pell is charged in Australia with sex crimes. He is convicted in 2018, acquitted on appeal in 2020.
July 1, 2017 – Francis replaces the Church’s top theologian in a significant leadership change.
January 30, 2018 – Sends top sexual abuse expert to Chile. In April, admits "grave mistakes" in handling the crisis and asks for forgiveness.
May 18, 2018 – All Chile's bishops offer to resign after a crisis meeting with the pope. Many resignations are accepted over time.
July 28, 2018 – Accepts the resignation of U.S. Cardinal Theodore McCarrick. In February 2019, Francis expels him from the priesthood after a finding of sexual abuse.
August 25–26, 2018 – Visits Ireland. Apologises for Church failures in handling clerical abuse.
August 26, 2018 – Former Vatican official Archbishop Vigano accuses the pope of covering up abuse claims. The Vatican later accuses Vigano of calumny.
September 22, 2018 – Vatican signs an agreement with China on bishop appointments. Critics say it concedes too much to Beijing.
February 21, 2019 – Opens global meeting on clerical abuse. Calls for “concrete and efficient measures”.
April 19, 2019 – Meets South Sudan’s leaders and kisses their feet, urging peace.
May 24, 2019 – Appoints women to a key Vatican department. Over following years, more women are appointed to senior posts.
June 2, 2019 – Asks forgiveness in Romania for the mistreatment of Roma people.
February 12, 2020 – Rejects proposal to allow married priests in Amazon regions.
March 7, 2020 – Cancels regular public appearances due to COVID-19. On March 27, holds a solitary prayer service at St. Peter’s Square.
September 24, 2020 – Fires Cardinal Becciu over alleged embezzlement. Becciu is convicted in 2023.
November 5, 2020 – Changes oversight of Vatican funds following a London property scandal.
December 31, 2020 – Misses services due to sciatica flare-up.
January 11, 2021 – Allows women to serve as readers, altar servers and communion distributors.
January 21, 2021 – Former Vatican bank head convicted of embezzlement and money laundering.
March 5, 2021 – Becomes first pope to visit Iraq.
July 4, 2021 – Undergoes colon surgery, remains in hospital for 11 days.
July 16, 2021 – Restricts use of Latin Mass, reversing earlier allowances.
October 29, 2021 – U.S. President Biden says the pope told him he was a “good Catholic” who can receive communion.
February 25, 2022 – Personally visits Russian embassy over Ukraine war. Continues calls for peace and criticism of the invasion.
July 24, 2022 – Starts Canada visit. Apologises for abuse at Catholic-run schools for Indigenous children.
December 31, 2022 – Pope Benedict dies in Vatican monastery.
January 11, 2023 – Cardinal Pell dies. It is later revealed he authored a memo criticising Francis’s papacy.
March 29, 2023 – Hospitalised for a respiratory infection.
June 7, 2023 – Admitted again to hospital for abdominal surgery.
October 4, 2023 – Opens a bishops’ summit at the Vatican. It ends without decisions on women deacons or LGBT inclusion.
November 11, 2023 – Dismisses U.S. Bishop Joseph Strickland, a vocal critic.
November 28, 2023 – Evicts Cardinal Burke from Vatican apartment and revokes his salary.
November 28, 2023 – Cancels COP28 trip due to lung inflammation.
December 18, 2023 – Vatican announces blessing allowed for same-sex couples if not part of official liturgies.
June 14, 2024 – Becomes first pope to address a G7 summit, focusing on artificial intelligence.
September 2, 2024 – Begins a 12-day visit to four island nations in Southeast Asia and Oceania.
September 26, 2024 – Visits Belgium and Luxembourg. Faces criticism over clerical abuse and treatment of women.
October 2, 2024 – Opens second bishops’ summit in two years. Ends without major reforms.
October 22, 2024 – Vatican renews agreement with China on bishop appointments.
December 7, 2024 – Appears with bruise on chin from minor fall.
December 24, 2024 – Opens Catholic Holy Year for 2025, running until early 2026.
January 6, 2025 – Names Cardinal McElroy as Archbishop of Washington, D.C., just before President Trump’s return to office.
February 6, 2025 – Vatican says pope has bronchitis but will continue duties.
February 14, 2025 – Hospitalised with double pneumonia.
March 23, 2025 – Discharged after 38-day hospital stay.
April 20, 2025 – Appears in St. Peter’s Square on Easter in open-air popemobile. Meets U.S. Vice President JD Vance at Vatican.
Jacqueline Fernandez has quietly built one of the most consistent records in the Indian entertainment industry when it comes to delivering chart-topping music videos. From high-voltage Bollywood dance numbers to independent cross-cultural hits, her music collaborations have repeatedly gone viral, not just for their sound but also for their styling, choreography, and screen presence.
Her latest track, Dum Dum, is currently trending across platforms, with fans and creators picking up on its hook steps and fashion cues. The song adds to a growing list of viral hits led by Fernandez, each one helping cement her image as one of the most recognisable music video stars in Indian pop culture today.
With viral choreography, bold styling, and mass appeal, Jacqueline’s music video appearances have become internet staples
Here’s a look at 12 of Jacqueline Fernandez’s most talked-about music videos, songs that continue to feature in playlists, dance reels, and party sets:
Yimmy Yimmy
One of 2024’s biggest global hits, this trilingual track featuring Shreya Ghoshal and Tayc made waves on both Indian and international charts. Jacqueline stood out for her statement styling, seamless transitions, and effortlessly catchy dance moves.
Jumme ki raat
A standout number from Kick, this collaboration with Salman Khan became a dance floor staple. Fernandez’s energetic performance and signature step made it one of the most replayed tracks of that year.
Ek do teen
Reinterpreting a classic is no small feat, but Jacqueline’s edgy rework of Madhuri Dixit’s iconic number drew both attention and debate. Her modern visual treatment and stylised choreography gave the song a new identity.
Genda phool
Pairing folk melodies with rap elements, this Badshah collaboration saw Jacqueline in a bold, traditional look. The visual contrast contributed to its mainstream appeal and high replay value.
Beat pe booty
In A Flying Jatt, her duet with Tiger Shroff introduced unconventional choreography that went on to spark a viral dance challenge. The light-hearted tone and quirky synchronisation became a hit among younger audiences.
Jadoo ki jhappi
One of her earlier tracks from Ramaiya Vastavaiya, this song featured Jacqueline in a more playful, bubbly avatar. Her expressive performance and dance energy were among the highlights.
Money money
From Raid 2, this high-energy track with Yo Yo Honey Singh featured Jacqueline in a glamorous, high-octane avatar. The visuals combined luxury aesthetics with fast-paced dance routines.
Chittiyaan kalaiyaan
A commercial success, this peppy number cemented Jacqueline’s place in Bollywood’s dance music scene. Her playful charm matched perfectly with the catchy hook, making it a long-running favourite.
Paani paani
Another successful team-up with Badshah, this song was visually driven, combining Rajasthani aesthetics with urban cool. Jacqueline’s look and screen presence added to the song’s viral momentum.
Mud mud ke
Paired opposite Italian actor Michele Morrone, this song expanded Jacqueline’s appeal beyond Indian borders. The music video leaned into sleek production and international styling, giving it strong crossover appeal.
Tik tik
A recent track with Dystinct and Vishal Mishra, Tik Tik brought together global sounds with Indian flair. Jacqueline’s performance showed her versatility in adapting to different musical and visual styles.
Dum dum
Currently dominating reels and dance challenges, Dum Dum taps into Fernandez’s strengths like vibrant choreography, bold styling, and magnetic on-screen energy. The track further reinforces her ability to tap into internet trends and mass appeal simultaneously.
These 12 songs reflect how Jacqueline Fernandez has turned dance numbers into viral cultural moments
With each of these tracks, Jacqueline Fernandez has managed to stay relevant in a fast-evolving music landscape. Her song choices often blur the lines between Bollywood glamour and global pop aesthetics, a combination that continues to resonate widely. From stage-ready choreography to viral fashion moments, she has become a reliable fixture in India’s music video culture.
And with Dum Dum now taking over timelines, that streak shows no signs of slowing down.
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After turning heads with his comeback single Je Karda, DJ Tally followed it up with his recent track Fake Friends — a bold, emotional song featuring the powerful vocals of Bakshi Billa and heartfelt lyrics by Rattu Randhawa. The song explores themes of trust and betrayal, with DJ Tally’s signature production adding intensity and depth.
A seasoned DJ since the age of 15, Tally grew up in a family of musicians and was surrounded by top tunes from a young age. That passion for music led him to co-found Gravity Entertainments with his brother Harj, creating a platform for bold, boundary-pushing sound. With influences ranging from bhangra, qawwali and Bollywood to r’n’b, hip hop, reggae and house music, the British talent selects the songs he loves.
DJ Tallygetty images
Yaar Bolda by Surjit Bindrakhia: This one’s an absolute classic. A proper dancefloor banger that hits different every time. The timeless track still has that same power and cross-generational appeal.
Suti Paee Nu Hichkian by Manmohan Waris: This is another song that will never lose its power. It is perfect for long drives. The lyrics and melody just hit that perfect vibe.
Kidha Dassa by Notorious Jatt: Just a great, smooth, laid-back track. It has that chilled-out energy we all love.
Sheraan De Kaum by Manjit Pappu: The Leamington Spa boys’ anthem. This one’s definitely for me and the lads. It goes off every single time. An absolute anthem in our circle. Best appreciated loud.
Outta Control by 50 Cent: A timeless banger from the iconic American hip hop star. Great for when you are just kicking back and vibing.
Kacherian Ch Mela Lagda by Kulwinder Dhillon: Another top track for all the desi heads out there. When this comes on, I’m straight on the dancefloor.
Young Goat by Gur Sidhu: A big tune. Great lyrics, solid beat. Just a vibe all around.
Jaddhu by Tru Skool and JK: The mix of raw vocals and powerful production? Unreal. This one definitely hits different.
Hiccups by Prem Dhillon: A song that beautifully blends old-school energy with a modern twist. Just pure quality from start to finish.
Das Main Ki Pyar Wichon by Yamla Jatt: A song I grew up hearing with my Baba Ji. It was also my father-in-law’s favourite. A proper timeless track from a Punjabi music legend.
In her own words, the London-based artist shares 10 defining moments that turned glitter into grit, pain into power and creativity into connection.
Shreena Patel has built a vibrant, shimmering world with her signature metallic-sparkle acrylics, one canvas at a time. A graduate of the prestigious University of the Arts London, the London-based abstract artist has earned acclaim both in the UK and internationally, creating bespoke pieces for celebrities, private collectors and public institutions.
But behind the glittering finishes and spiritual symbolism lies a deeper story – one of passion, purpose and personal resilience.
From a childhood curiosity about the minds behind masterpieces to becoming a multi-award-winning artist herself, Shreena’s journey is marked by colour, courage and community. Whether speaking on stage at Diwali on the Square, raising funds through her work, or spotlighting invisible illnesses like ulcerative colitis, her art has always been more than decorative. It is deeply personal and powerfully connective.
Now, for the first time, Shreena shares 10 of her most memorable artistic milestones. Each moment reveals not only her growth as a creator but also her unwavering belief in art as a force for joy, healing and change.
Shreena Patel
Artwork displayed at Hyde Park Corner station
Seeing my Ganesh artwork displayed at Hyde Park Corner station during South Asian Heritage Month was a pinch-me moment. To have commuters and tourists pause in a busy London station to take in my art, rooted in identity, culture and colour, made me feel truly seen. It was public, powerful and proof that South Asian stories belong in mainstream spaces.
Being featured in British Vogue was an unexpected yet unforgettable milestone. Just a few years after Art By Shree was born, seeing my work and story in one of the world’s most iconic fashion publications validated my creativity in a whole new light. It bridged the gap between contemporary style and ancient symbolism and reminded me that tradition and trend can coexist beautifully.
Shreena Patel's work
Painting for celebrities I have had the honour of creating bespoke paintings for celebrities, including Bollywood actors, music artists and famous cricketers, who connected with the spirituality and vibrancy of my work. Each commission has been personal and meaningful, not just because of who they are, but because of the shared energy and intention behind the art. It is surreal knowing my pieces live in the homes of people I once only watched on screen.
Shreena Patel's work
Winning awards and artistic recognition
Winning awards and being recognised as an artist, particularly in Parliament and at the Eastern Eye ACTAs, gave me the confidence to own my creative journey. These acknowledgements are not just about trophies. They are reminders that the risks I took, the pain I turned into paint and the stories I chose to tell matter. Every accolade reflects years of growth, grit and heart.
Raising money for charities and temples
Art with purpose has always been my North Star. Whether raising money for temples close to my heart or supporting charities doing life-changing work, I have been blessed to use my creativity to give back. Each canvas sold for a cause reminds me that art can be a force for good – a way to serve, uplift and unite communities.
Being invited by Neasden Mandir’s head swami for Diwali and PSM10 Being personally invited by Yogvivekdas Swami at Neasden Mandir to take part in the Diwali and 100 Years of Pramukh Swami Maharaj celebrations was an emotional high. To be recognised in such a sacred and historic space was beyond humbling. It felt like a spiritual homecoming, where my art and my faith met in perfect harmony during a once-in-a-lifetime celebration.
Speaking on the centre stage at Diwali on the Square, in front of the Mayor of London, was a surreal and proud moment. I spoke about art, culture and the power of community spirit. To then gift my large Ganesh canvas to the winner of the rangoli competition was the perfect way to honour creativity and celebrate our shared cultural pride in a truly public way.
Shreena Patel's work
Collaborating with Nitin Ganatra OBE
Collaborating with the incredible Nitin Ganatra OBE for a charity auction was a joyful and meaningful experience. Aligning our talents for a cause greater than ourselves reminded me why I started painting in the first place. It is always special when creative worlds come together, especially when it helps raise funds and awareness for those in need.
Uplifting the next generation
Helping the next generation find their creative voice means everything to me. Whether through workshops, mentoring or simply showing them that success can look different, I aim to be the representation I did not see growing up. Especially for young South Asians, I want to say: your stories, your art and your dreams are valid – and so needed.
Shreena Patel's work
Raising ulcerative colitis awareness through art
Living with ulcerative colitis has not been easy, but it has shaped my art and mission. Through creativity, I have turned pain into power and raised awareness about invisible illnesses in ways words never could. Painting became therapy, advocacy and storytelling. If my journey inspires even one person with UC to keep going, then every brushstroke has been worth it.
Why Visionary Leaders Embrace Change Before It Becomes Urgent
Most leaders don’t ignore change because they’re indifferent — they ignore it because, in the moment, it doesn’t feel pressing. When the figures look positive and operations are ticking along, making time for possibility can seem indulgent. But this is exactly what sets visionary leaders apart from the merely competent: they create space to reimagine before crisis demands it.
Visionary leaders don’t wait for pain to provoke action. They respond when everything still appears fine — when most are coasting. They understand that comfort breeds complacency, and complacency is where innovation goes to die.
So why do we rarely see organisations implementing meaningful change when everything’s “working”?
Because change feels riskier than routine. Leaders are rewarded for short-term results, not long-term vision. Teams are trained to solve problems, not to explore potential. And entire cultures are built to preserve stability — not challenge it.
But possibility doesn’t live in the safe and stable. It lives in those slightly unhinged questions: “What if we…?”, “Why don’t we…?”, “Wouldn’t it be wild if…?” It lies in the courage to stray from the well-trodden path and consider what might lie beyond the familiar.
Visionary leaders don’t just tolerate this thinking — they actively foster it. They rewrite cultural norms that say “Don’t rock the boat” and replace them with “Let’s see what else is possible.” They interrupt patterns that reward efficiency over imagination. They make exploration acceptable, even without immediate returns.
Here’s what that looks like in practice:
They protect time for thinking, not just doing. They know innovation isn’t a task to be ticked off — it requires white space, uninterrupted time, and freedom from constant urgency. Visionary leaders defend this space, decline unnecessary meetings, and encourage their teams to pause, reflect, and reframe. Deep thinking is treated as essential — just like budget reviews.
They encourage assumptions to be challenged — even when things are going well. Waiting for problems means always reacting, never inventing. Visionary leaders embed a habit of questioning the status quo. They regularly ask, “What are we assuming that might not be true?” and welcome differing viewpoints before consensus takes over. They know that asking the right questions is itself a creative act.
They shift language from certainty to curiosity. Questions like “What if…” and “Why not…” signal momentum rather than distraction. Over time, this shift reshapes team dynamics — fear of being wrong is replaced by excitement about exploration. Visionary leaders praise bold suggestions and challenge norms. They swap “prove it” for “explore it”, inviting discovery over defensiveness.
They reward experimentation, not just outcomes. Even small trials are celebrated — not for being correct, but for being courageous. These leaders value learning over perfection and embed reflection into their processes. They ask, “What surprised us?” and “What might we try differently next time?” Progress is seen as cumulative, not instant.
They lead by example. Visionary leaders model what they expect — giving others permission to step into possibility. They visibly wrestle with ambiguity, question their own thinking, and stay open to ideas without immediate resolution. They don’t just talk about vision — they live it, making curiosity feel safe, supported, and worthwhile.
In sectors like healthcare, pharmaceuticals, or financial services — where the stakes are high and the margin for error is slim — it’s tempting to prioritise predictability. But these are precisely the environments that most need leaders who can anticipate what’s ahead.
Creating change before it’s urgent isn’t reckless — it’s responsible. It’s how organisations adapt instead of react. Lead instead of follow. Shape the future rather than just survive it.
If your team only innovates during crises, you’re not leading — you’re firefighting. Visionary leaders don’t wait for permission. They look beyond what’s working to uncover what’s possible.
(Susan Robertson helps individuals, teams, and organisations Live in Possibility™ so they can navigate change more effectively. She teaches applied creativity at Harvard, combining scientific insight with real-world application. Find out more at www.SusanRobertsonSpeaker.com.)
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On World Music Day, we revisit the songs that made Shreya Ghoshal more than just a singer, but a sound that shaped our lives
From soul-stirring ballads to playful love anthems, Shreya Ghoshal has given us songs for every emotion. On World Music Day, we’re celebrating the magical voice that has become the soundtrack to our lives. Whether it's heartbreak, romance, devotion or pure joy, Shreya doesn’t just sing a song, she lives it. Here are 12 timeless tracks that define her legacy as India’s most beloved singer.
1. Sunn Raha Hai (Female Version) – Aashiqui 2
Raw and haunting, Shreya’s version of this heartbreak anthem gave it a delicate intensity that cut straight to the soul. You could hear the silence between the words and feel it.
2. Tujh Mein Rab Dikhta Hai (Female Version) – Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi
Her serene, soft rendition turned this romantic track into a quiet prayer. Shreya’s voice here isn’t just melodious — it feels like devotion in motion.
Only Shreya could match Geet’s wild, carefree energy with such powerful vocals. This Sufi-tinged love song bursts with reckless joy and she’s the reason we still belt it out like we’re in the snow.
The debut that made history. From the iconic “Ishhh” to her classical finesse, Shreya arrived like a storm of talent and walked away with a National Award.
One of Bollywood’s most romantic songs wouldn’t be the same without her. Shreya’s emotional depth pairs perfectly with Rahat Fateh Ali Khan’s vocals, a duet that still gives goosebumps.
A recent hit that shows she’s still at the top of her game. Her voice glides with elegance and warmth, bringing vintage romance into a modern love story.
From every "Ishhh" to every high note that made us cry, Shreya Ghoshal isn’t just a singer, she’s an emotion.
On World Music Day, we celebrate her voice like a constant companion through our best memories, toughest heartbreaks, and everything in between.