Remembering Mohammed Rafi on his death anniversary, the voice that echoed through an era
Grandson Rizwan Rafi reflects on iconic singer’s greatness
By ASJAD NAZIRJul 31, 2024
MOHAMMED RAFI is rightly regarded as the greatest male playback singer in Hindi cinema history.
With an incredible body of work stretching across thousands of songs, the celebrated star left behind a remarkable legacy, which is being celebrated throughout 2024, as December 24 marks his 100th birth anniversary.
The much admired music star sadly passed away on July 31, 1980, aged just 55, but left behind a remarkable legacy and inspired the generations who followed in his giant footsteps.
Eastern Eye decided to mark the celebrated singer's death anniversary this week by speaking with his London-based grandson Rizwan Rafi. He fondly spoke about his iconic grandfather’s incredible life and gave great insights into him away from stardom.
Playing the harmonium
Your grandfather Mohammed Rafi passed away when you were only 14. What was it like growing up with such a legendary family member?
It was always wonderful and fun for all the grandchildren, whenever I had the opportunity to stay with dada and dadi in Mumbai (for holidays). Dada had a very child-like quality when he was with the family and grandchildren. I didn’t see him as Mohammed Rafi, the entertainer. To me he was and is my dada (grandfather). To everyone else he has been a legend, superstar and for some, even a god.
What are your memories of that celebrity aspect?
Whenever we would be out together, people would go crazy when seeing him. I would wonder and think to myself why? Now, as I’ve grown, I realise what he meant to people and what a legend he was and will always be. I’m so proud to be part of the lineage.
What made him such a special talent?
With his grandsonRizwan
He loved singing and loved his art. He was musically versatile, technically correct and had an amazing ability to mould his voice to the persona of that actor he would be singing for. Dada always asked, ‘who is the song going to be picturised on’. He would then add a new dimension and his own little twist to the track. He gave life to the lyrics. He sang flawlessly in various languages and styles. He was a perfectionist and made it look easy.
Which songs do you think helped define him?
There are so many. They include O Duniya Ke Rakhwale and Chahunga Main Tujhe, where he expressed deep emotion like very few could. The rock ‘n’ roll inspired songs he sung for Shammi Kapoor were revolutionary. He was a master of love songs like the award-winning Chaudhvin Ka Chand Ho and Teri Pyaari Pyaari Surat Ko. With songs like classic qawwali Parda Hai Parda, he showed great versatility. There are so many more.
What are some of your favourite songs of his?
It is very difficult to choose favourites. Some that come to mind include Yeh Duniya Yeh Mehfil, Dil Ka Soon Saaz and Dard E Dil. Baharo Phool Barsao was played at my wedding – if only dada had been around to sing it. Sadke Heer Tujh Pe Hum Fakir Sadke showed beautiful voice control. Kar Chale Hum Fida brings tears every time.
Which of his songs deserve more credit?
He had a high standard and could turn an ordinary song into something extraordinary. Some films that weren’t hits or are not so well known, have many hidden treasures. The fact he left behind so many songs means new generations are constantly discovering these gems.
He was known for his humility even after reaching superstardom, what kept him so grounded?
Dada was not a man who sought out wealth, stardom or worldwide fame. He just simply wanted to sing, which is what he loved. He was a very pious and god-fearing person. His humility and down to earth nature were greatly respected. He never said or did bad to others. His willingness to help and encourage others was widely known.
Are there any stories that come to mind?
Rizwan today
Once, while returning from a walk with a friend, a person in need asked him for money. Rafi Saab gave him rupees without counting. His friends asked why he gave money without counting. Rafi Saab replied in a dignified manner, “if the almighty is giving me rupees without counting, why would I not give someone in need, without counting.”
What do you think motivated him to maintain such a high standard?
Dada loved singing. I think that love and passion for his art is why. He would always think to himself he could have added something or done the song better.
Is there any one part of his remarkable story that is your favourite?
For me, I think it would have to be the live shows. I was able to attend here in the UK back in 1978/1979. I was lucky enough to accompany dada to some song recordings while visiting Mumbai. Whether on stage or in a studio, he was remarkable.
Tell us something not many people know about him.
In his spare time, dada loved to play badminton and carrom. During kite season, he would be on the roof terrace and everyone in the local area would know dada was flying his distinctive black kite. He loved food, especially sweets (even though he was a diabetic). If he would see the grandchildren eating sweets, he would quietly say “may I have some, but don’t tell dadi”.
Tell us about his London connection.
I think London for dada was a getaway from the Bollywood hustle bustle. He was a regular visitor to London and my parents’ house would be the first stop, as we lived and still do, very close to Heathrow airport. Dada liked shopping and would make trips to London’s Oxford Street. Dada also had a great love of cars. I can remember when the Audi 100 was out, he had a blue one shipped back to Bombay.
This year is his 100th birth anniversary. Will you be doing anything to mark it?
I am part of a small singing club called MKC (Monday Karaoke Club), which is a meeting place for those who love golden oldies. We are doing a small show each month this year remembering dada. The plan is to finish off the year with a large show, which is still in the planning.
How do you feel about all the tribute concerts?
I feel very proud and excited to see the whole world remembering my wonderful grandfather.
You have a lot of great unseen photos of him and a treasure trove of information. Are there any plans for a book or exhibition?
I would love to do something, I’m sure that all the fans and those who appreciate history would like to see these. Maybe somewhere in the future the plans for a book and exhibition will fall in place.
Do you have a final thought?
Many have said they would love to sing like Mohammed Rafi Saab. I would say that no one will ever sing like him. There will only be one Mohammed Rafi. But please ‘be like Rafi’. The humble human being, who was modest, simple, god fearing, kindhearted and showed love to others. Words to describe him are simply not enough.
From the moment Poppy and Rubina stepped onto the stage of Soho Theatre in central London for Brown Girls Do It Too: Mama Told Me Not to Come, the energy was electric, the laughs non-stop, and the message loud and clear: British Asian women are done with silence.
What began as a ground-breaking, award-winning podcast that sparked online backlash for daring to talk openly about sex and relationships within South Asian communities has now evolved into arguably the most unique and fearless live show of the year.
Set against a cheekily colourful bedroom backdrop, this dynamic duo dived headfirst into everything from sex, shame, fantasies and motherhood to the layered realities of growing up as British Asian women. With sharp, smart transitions between confessional-style conversation and character-driven sketches, the show
managed to feel both intimately honest and wildly theatrical.
It is rare to witness a show that is both this hilarious and this importantAMG
One moment they were sat discussing sexual awakenings and mother–daughter culture clashes; the next, they were morphing into wickedly satirical versions of Priti Patel and Suella Braverman or belting out a catchy song – a side-splitting ode to Jolen bleach and body hair, brilliantly riffing off Dolly Parton’s Jolene. A recurring sketch involving a “Coconut Crimes Hotline” was a comedic masterstroke, and their hilarious mother–daughter bits had most in the audience instantly relating.
It is no surprise the crowd, largely women, many of them British Asian, responded with raucous joy. This representation, delivered with bite, boldness and belly laughs, made them feel seen. They did not just watch Mama Told Me Not to Come – they felt it, because it reflected them.
Poppy and Rubina’s magnetic chemistry, unstoppable presence and ability to straddle personal vulnerability with political satire was nothing short of genius. It is rare to witness a show that is both this hilarious and this important. And just when you think it is all laughs, they deliver a powerful emotional gut punch, ending the evening with heartfelt letters to their respective mothers, which brought tears to many eyes and underlined just how deeply the show resonates.
This is not just a standout – it is the show that is going to take the Edinburgh Fringe by storm in August. Bold,
brilliant, blisteringly funny and ultimately moving, Brown Girls Do It Too is a fantastic five-star triumph in every sense.
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Pooja Singhal on reviving Rajasthan’s Pichvai art with Feast Melody and Adornment in the UK’s largest showcase
For the first time, London’s Mall Galleries will host a major exhibition dedicated entirely to Pichvai paintings, an intricate devotional textile tradition from Rajasthan. Titled Feast, Melody and Adornment (2–6 July 2025), the show brings over 350 artworks to a British audience, highlighting the evolution and global revival of this 400-year-old art form.
Curated by Pooja Singhal, founder of Udaipur-based atelier Pichvai Tradition and Beyond, the exhibition is being hailed as the most ambitious contemporary presentation of Pichvai to date. In fact, it marks a powerful shift in how Indian temple art is being experienced: not in hushed museum archives, but as a vibrant, living tradition reaching new audiences.
Pichvai, meaning “behind the idol”, originated in the 17th century in Nathdwara, a temple town near Udaipur. Artists created these large-format cloth paintings for daily darshans (ritual viewings) of Srinathji, a baby Krishna deity. These works captured moments of shringar (adornment), bhog (feasting) and raag (devotional music), and were displayed behind the idol in the sanctum.
Deccan Miniature Images - Gold Cows on red getty images
Over time, these temple painters formed a tight-knit community. “My mother collected Pichvais, and my grandfather sold them,” says Singhal, whose childhood was steeped in this visual tradition. “I literally grew up surrounded by them.”
Layers of meaning, scale and detail
Though often mistaken for simple Krishna depictions, Pichvais are complex, layered artworks. They can include over 100 miniature elements like cows, lotuses, chariots and gopis, often spanning six to eight feet in height. Some motifs, like lotus blooms, are symbolic too, evoking cooling relief during Rajasthan’s scorching summers.
Pastel Lotus getty images
“Pichvai is unique because it marries the scale of a textile with the detailing of miniature painting,” explains Singhal. “Every inch has a hundred layers. You can stand there for hours and keep discovering new stories.”
Krishna as Govindagetty image
Schools of miniature painting from Nathdwara, Bundi, Jaipur and Kishangarh influence the styles on display. Some resemble aerial maps of temple festivals; others evoke the rhythm of music or the warmth of food being served to devotees.
Reimagining tradition for a global audience
Singhal’s goal since launching Pichvai Tradition and Beyond in 2010 has been to preserve traditional methods while adapting them for modern collectors. Her key innovations include:
Grayscale reinterpretations for minimal, contemporary homes
Greyscale Pichvais
Restored sketchbook folios, recreating daily temple scenes from archival fragments
Sketches
Pastel colour palettes and geometric cow motifs to appeal to wider interiors
Modern Cow Pastel
Framing artworks individually, allowing Pichvai sketches to stand as contemporary works in their own right
Sketches
These modern adaptations haven’t diluted the tradition; they’ve helped it grow. One of the atelier’s works was even selected by Prime Minister Narendra Modi as a diplomatic gift to a foreign leader, an unexpected milestone that, according to Singhal, affirmed the relevance and stature of this centuries-old tradition in the modern world. “When a Swedish collector bought a grayscale Pichvai at the India Art Fair, I realised the form can travel,” she says.
Pichvai gifted to Narendra Modi
A new system for old skills
Breaking away from the age-old guru–shishya (teacher–disciple) model, Singhal’s atelier now works more like a studio collective. A team of 10–12 artists from different miniature schools collaborate on large and small format works.
“Many painters had no work,” she says. “We started smaller Pichvais and even Deccan-style gold miniatures. It gave artists a viable livelihood.”
Black and gold Gopis
Bringing Pichvai to Britain
Shipping 350 works across continents has taken six months of preparation. The Victorian-era Mall Galleries, located near Trafalgar Square, has never hosted an Indian temple art show of this magnitude.
The artworks are split across three interconnected rooms, themed around Raag, Bhog and Shringar. Alongside the art, there will be over 15 events including artist walkthroughs, collector previews, academic panels, and auctions benefiting Rajasthan’s artisans.
The Haveli of Shrinathji
“I’ve never worked at this scale before,” Singhal admits. “But if every visitor leaves feeling connected to the art, it’ll be worth it.”
What it means for British-Indian audiences
This is the first exhibition in the UK to exclusively showcase newly created Pichvais, not just preserved artefacts. For British-Asian families who’ve seen such works in temples or family homes, it’s a rare chance to see them celebrated on an international platform.
“Many have never seen this tradition at such scale or detail,” says Singhal. “And now, these living artists, whose families have painted for generations, get their moment.”
📍 Mall Galleries, The Mall, London SW1Y 5BD 📅 2–6 July 2025 🕙 10:00–18:00 daily (until 19:00 on 4 July) 🎟️ Admission: £12 (₹1,280), £8 (₹850), Free for Under 12s 🔗 More info: mallgalleries.org.uk
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The strike highlights long-standing concerns among Louvre staff
The Louvre Museum in Paris, the world’s most-visited art institution, was forced to shut its doors to the public for most of Monday, 17 June, as workers staged a spontaneous strike in protest over chronic overcrowding and deteriorating working conditions.
Thousands of ticket-holding visitors were left waiting in long queues beneath the museum’s iconic glass pyramid, with no clear explanation provided on-site. Many expressed frustration over the lack of communication and the disruption to their plans.
Staff protest against 'untenable' conditions
The walkout took place during a scheduled internal meeting, during which gallery attendants, security staff and ticket agents decided to withdraw their services. According to the CGT-Culture union, the protest was triggered by “unmanageable crowds”, insufficient staffing and unsafe working conditions.
Sarah Sefian of CGT-Culture said, “We can’t wait six years for help. Our teams are under pressure now. It’s not just about the art – it’s about the people protecting it.”
The strike highlights long-standing concerns among Louvre staff, including inadequate facilities for both visitors and employees. These include limited restrooms, a shortage of rest areas, and extreme temperature swings within the museum that also pose a risk to the artworks.
Louvre’s overtourism problem
Over 8.7 million people visited the Louvre in 2023 – more than double the capacity the building was designed to handle. Despite a daily visitor cap of 30,000, staff say that the volume, combined with inadequate infrastructure, turns the museum experience into a daily “physical ordeal”.
Central to the issue is the popularity of the Mona Lisa, which draws around 20,000 people a day to the Salle des États. The crowding in this room often prevents visitors from appreciating the surrounding Renaissance masterpieces. Some tourists describe the experience as overwhelming, with little chance to enjoy the art amid the noise, heat, and crowding.
Renovation plans and funding concerns
In January 2025, President Emmanuel Macron unveiled a €700–800 million “Louvre New Renaissance” plan to address the museum’s pressing issues. Under the plan, the Mona Lisa will be relocated to a purpose-built gallery with timed entry. A new entrance near the Seine River is also expected to be completed by 2031 to alleviate congestion at the existing pyramid entrance.
However, Louvre staff remain sceptical about the project’s impact. While the plan promises improved display conditions and a modernised visitor experience, unions have criticised the government for allowing annual state subsidies to fall by over 20 per cent in the past decade, despite increasing footfall.
“We take it very badly that Monsieur Le President makes his speeches here in our museum,” said Sefian. “But when you scratch the surface, the financial investment of the state is getting worse with each passing year.”
A leaked internal memo from Louvre President Laurence des Cars echoed many of these concerns. The document described failing infrastructure, including leaks and temperature fluctuations, as well as poor basic visitor services such as signage, food and restrooms.
Limited reopening possible, full closure expected Tuesday
Some striking staff indicated they might briefly reopen a limited “masterpiece route” on Monday evening to allow access to key artworks, including the Mona Lisa and Venus de Milo. However, the museum is officially closed on Tuesdays and is expected to resume normal operations on Wednesday.
Visitors affected by the strike may be allowed to reuse Monday’s tickets on another day, subject to availability.
Financial outlook and restoration timeline
The Louvre’s full renovation is expected to be financed through a mix of ticket revenue, government contributions, private donations, and proceeds from international partnerships, including licensing from the Louvre Abu Dhabi. Ticket prices for non-EU visitors are expected to increase later in 2025.
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Unlike other major Parisian sites, such as Notre Dame Cathedral and the Centre Pompidou – both of which are undergoing state-funded restorations – the Louvre remains underfunded and overstretched. Staff argue that without immediate action, both the museum’s collection and its workforce are at risk.
President Macron, who delivered his 2017 election victory speech at the Louvre and used it prominently during the 2024 Paris Olympics, has promised a revitalised museum by the end of the decade.
For now, however, the Louvre remains emblematic of the broader overtourism challenges facing cultural landmarks across Europe. With no short-term solutions in place, both staff and visitors remain caught between ambition and reality.
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Father’s Day reflects a wide range of traditions shaped by history, culture and emotion
Father’s Day is often seen as a time for cards, tools or a family lunch, but across the globe, it carries a much deeper significance. Beyond the commercial promotions, Father’s Day reflects a wide range of traditions shaped by history, culture and emotion. While some mark the occasion with grand gestures, others focus on quiet reflection, respect and the bonds that define fatherhood.
Thailand’s day of respect
In Thailand, Father’s Day is celebrated on 5 December, the birthday of the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej. The day is as much about honouring the nation’s former monarch as it is about celebrating fatherhood. Citizens wear yellow, the king’s birth colour, and present canna lilies to their fathers as a symbol of gratitude and respect. It’s a cultural blend of familial and national reverence.
Germany’s tradition of brotherhood
Germany takes a different approach. Known as Vatertag, or Father’s Day, it coincides with Ascension Day and is often marked by groups of men going on hiking trips, pulling wagons of food and drink. While it may appear more social than family-oriented, the tradition is rooted in camaraderie and shared responsibility among men and father figures.
Remembering fathers in Mexico
In Mexico and across parts of Latin America, Father’s Day is a time to honour both the living and the departed. Families often visit cemeteries to pay tribute to late fathers and gather to share stories and memories. It’s a day that highlights legacy over materialism, where the emotional role of a father is celebrated beyond life itself.
The expanding meaning in India
In India, Father’s Day doesn’t have deep historical roots, but its popularity is growing among urban families. Influenced by Western customs, it is increasingly used to recognise not only biological fathers, but also mentors, guardians and elders who provide support and guidance. The day is evolving into a broader celebration of male role models across generations.
A shared message worldwide
Though celebrated in different ways, Father’s Day across cultures shares a central idea: appreciation. Whether through a gift, a walk, a meal or a memory, the day is about acknowledging the role fathers and father figures play in shaping lives. In a time when traditional family structures are changing, this occasion also highlights that fatherhood is defined not just by biology, but by love, responsibility and care.
A thoughtful reminder
Rather than focus on finding the perfect present, Father’s Day offers an opportunity to be present. A simple message, a phone call or a shared moment can mean more than any physical gift. In a fast-moving world, slowing down to recognise those who’ve quietly supported us is perhaps the most meaningful tribute we can give.
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Drawings by Victor Hugo on display include Ecce Lex
The moment I walked into the Royal Academy to see Astonishing Things: The Drawings of Victor Hugo, I thought of Rabindranath Tagore.
Both men were giants of literature, but they were visual artists as well.
Victor-Marie Hugo (February 26, 1802- May 22, 1885) is best known for his novels The Hunchback ofNotre-Dame (1831) – many will have seen the 1939 film adaptation starring Charles Laughton and Maureen O’Hara – and Les Misérables (1862), which BBC TV adapted in 2018, with a starring role for Adeel Akhtar.
The Cheerful CastleParis Musees
Rabindranath Tagore (May 7, 1861-August 7, 1941) was a Bengali poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913, for the poetry of Gitanjali.
Gallery owner Sundaram Tagore, who had flown over from New York to attend Eastern Eye’s Arts, Culture & Theatre Awards (ACTAs) at the May Fair Hotel on May 23, said: “Before leaving London, I managed to visit the Victor Hugo exhibition, which moved me deeply.”
Sundaram’s father, Subhogendranath Tagore (1912-1985), was the grandson of Hemendranath Tagore, the third son of Debendranath Tagore and the elder brother of Rabindranath Tagore.
The Victor Hugo exhibition is definitely worth seeing before it ends on June 29.
Giving a tour of the exhibition, Andrea Tarsia, director of exhibitions at the Royal Academy, said Hugo left behind some 4,000 works on paper, of which 70 were chosen for display.
“But they really are 70 of his most remarkable drawings,” commented Tarsia. Hugo often used brown ink and wash and graphite on paper.
OctopusParis Musees
Notable works include The Town of Vianden Seen Through a Spider’s Web, 1871; Mushroom, 1850; Lace and Spectres, 1855-56; The Cheerful Castle, 1847; The Town of Vianden, with Stone Cross, 1871; Mirror with Birds, 1870; Chain, 1864; Octopus, 1866–69; and The Lighthouse at Casquets, Guernsey, 1866.
There is also Ecce Lex (Latin for “Behold the Law”), 1854, done after the hanging of John Tapner in Guernsey; and The Shade of the Manchineel Tree (notes from a trip to the Pyrenees and Spain), 1856, where the shade is made to resemble a skull to denote the poisonous qualities of the fruit.
The Shade of the Manchineel TreeParis Musees
There is a photograph of Hugo seated on the Rocher des Proscrits (Exile’s Rock), Jersey, 1853, which was taken by his son, Charles Hugo.
“Hopefully, together, they will give you an intimate sense of Hugo’s remarkable, multifaceted imagination. Perhaps people are less familiar with his work as a visual artist. The exhibition is the first to be held in the UK with Hugo’s drawings in just over half a century.”
MushroomParis Musees
He explained it was “a rare chance to see these works because the inks and the paper are so fragile that once exhibited, even at these very low lighting levels, they then need to be kept in the dark for an extended period of time”.
The exhibition’s curator, Sarah Lea, said: “We made a decision to arrange these spectacular works in a thematic structure, because although Hugo drew across his lifetime, he often returns to similar motifs. And it’s really interesting to be able to see, for example, the collections of the castles, one of his great passions. Despite writing so much, he doesn’t leave us very much direct commentary on the drawings themselves. He was inspired by the way ink moves on paper. He was never intending to be an artist.”
She referred to his “mysterious” drawing of a mushroom: “Who knows what was really meant by the mushroom? It appears to us as a total enigma.”
“We have him exploring nature on the monumental level with mountains, and a minute level with spiders’ webs and birds’ nests,” she went on. “The drawings were largely private during his lifetime. Sometimes he made works that he would send to friends. But the drawings themselves weren’t exhibited until three years after his death. They’re first shown in a public exhibition in Paris in 1888.”
A photograph of Hugo taken by his son, CharlesParis Musees
Hugo lived in exile from 1856 to 1870 on the island of Guernsey, where he bought a house. “He redecorated it from bottom to top in a most extraordinary manner of eclectic collecting and reassembling different pieces of furniture and decorative arts. And it was from the lookout, which was a vast conservatory that he constructed at the top of this house, that he would be able, on a clear day, to see the coastline of France. And it was there that he completed some of his most important literary works. A profound source of inspiration for Hugo was the ocean.”
He strongly opposed the death penalty. After the execution by hanging of convicted murderer John Tapner in Guernsey in 1854, Hugo made many drawings of a hanged man, including Ecce Lex.
He also appealed – unsuccessfully – to the US to pardon John Brown, an abolitionist who had been sentenced to death in Virginia on charges of treason, murder and conspiracy to incite a slave insurrection. Hugo appeared to be an early supporter of Black Lives Matter.
Hugo’s brother-in-law, Paul Chenay, made print reproductions of his earlier Ecce drawings, which were published with a new title, John Brown, and circulated in protest at Brown’s execution.
In a letter to Chenay in 1861, Hugo said: “John Brown is a hero and a martyr. His death was a crime. His gallows is a cross. Let us therefore once again draw the attention of all to the lessons of the gallows of Charlestown. My drawing, which through your fine talent has been reproduced with striking fidelity, has no other value than this name: John Brown – a name that must be repeated unceasingly, to the supporters of the American republic, so that it reminds them of their duty to the slaves: to call them forth to freedom. I shake your hand.”
When Hugo died in 1885, aged 83, over two million people lined the streets of Paris to see his funeral procession. But many of Hugo’s admirers wouldn’t have been aware of his private love of drawing.
Incidentally, the Royal Academy last week announced that Simon Wallis, currently the director of The Hepworth Wakefield, will take over in September as its new secretary and chief executive. In his earlier career, he held curatorial positions at Kettle’s Yard, Cambridge, and Tate Liverpool. He was the director of Chisenhale Gallery, London.
Wallis, who succeeds Axel Rüger, said: “The Royal Academy of Arts is at a pivotal moment of development and positive change. The RA is the central London home for artists, art and art lovers, generating powerful experiences and innovative teaching about art in a rapidly changing society. As the UK’s oldest and foremost artist-led organisation, the extraordinary talent and vision of the Royal Academicians and their team lead the creative conversation on a national and international stage.”
Now that Hugo has been featured at the Royal Academy, maybe Tagore, too, will merit an exhibition one day under Wallis’s leadership.
The Royal Academy won the ACTA for community engagement last year. It was collected by Tarsia.
In Astonishing Things: The Drawings of Victor Hugo, at the Jillian and Arthur M Sackler Wing of Galleries at the Royal Academy, ends on June 29.