BANGLADESH’S army chief vowed to back the country’s interim government “come what may” to help it complete key reforms after the ouster of prime minister Sheikh Hasina, so that elections could be held within the next 18 months.
General Waker-uz-Zaman and his troops stood aside in early August, amid raging student-led protests against Hasina, sealing the fate of the veteran politician who resigned after 15 years in power and fled to India.
In a rare media interview, Zaman told Reuters at his office on Monday (23) that the interim administration led by Nobel prize winner Muhammad Yunus had his full support and outlined a pathway to rid the military of political influence.
“I will stand beside him. Come what may. So that he can accomplish his mission,” Zaman, bespectacled and dressed in military fatigues, said of Yunus.
Yunus has promised essential reforms in the judiciary, police and financial institutions, paving the way for free and fair elections in the country of 170 million people.
Following the reforms, Zaman said a transition to democracy should be made between a year and a year-and-a-half, but underlined the need for patience
“If you ask me, then I will say that should be the time frame by which we should enter into a democratic process,” he said.
Bangladesh’s main two political parties, Hasina’s Awami League and its rival, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), had called for elections to be held within three months of the interim government taking office in August.
The BNP’s secretary general, Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir, told Reuters on Tuesday (24) that the party would like elections to be held at the earliest opportunity.
“I am not going to give any particular time period, but I think the sooner the better,” he said. “We are ready for elections. Even if they are held tomorrow, we are ready.”
Hasina’s son and adviser Sajeeb Wazed did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Zaman said he meets Yunus every week and the two have “very good relations”, with the military supporting the government’s efforts to stabilise the country after a period of turmoil.
“I’m sure that if we work together, there is no reason why we should fail,” he said.
More than 1,000 people were killed in clashes that began as a movement against public-sector job quotas, but that escalated into a wider anti-government uprising – the bloodiest period in the country’s independent history.
Calm has returned to Dhaka, a densely packed metropolis that was at the heart of the rebellion, but some parts of the civil service are not yet properly functional.
With much of Bangladesh’s police force, numbering around 190,000 personnel, still in disarray, the army has stepped up to carry out law and order duties.
Born out of erstwhile East Pakistan in 1971 after a bloody independence war, Bangladesh came under military rule in 1975, following the assassination of its first president, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Hasina’s father.
In 1990, military ruler Hossain Mohammad Ershad was toppled in a popular uprising, leading to the restoration of democracy.
The military again staged a coup in 2007, backing a caretaker government that ruled until Hasina took power two years later.
Zaman, a career infantry officer who served through these periods of turmoil, said the army he leads would not intervene politically.
“I will not do anything which is detrimental to my organisation,” he said, “I am a professional soldier. I would like to keep my army professional.”
In line with reforms proposed since Hasina’s ouster, the army, too, is looking into allegations of wrongdoing by its personnel and has already punished some soldiers, Zaman said, without providing further details.
“If there is any serving member who is found guilty, of course I will take action,” he said, adding that some military officials may have acted out of line while working at agencies directly controlled by the former prime minister or interior minister.
The interim government has formed a five-member commission to investigate reports of up to 600 people who may have been forcibly “disappeared” by Bangladesh’s security forces since 2009.
In the longer-term, however, Zaman wanted to distance the political establishment from the army, which has more than 130,000 personnel and is a major contributor to UN peacekeeping missions.
“It can only happen if there is some balance of power between president and prime minister, where the armed forces can be under president,” he said, stressing the need for clear reforms.
Bangladesh’s armed forces come under the defence ministry, which is typically controlled by the prime minister, an arrangement that Zaman said a constitutional reform process under the interim government could potentially look to amend.
“The military as a whole must not be used for political purpose ever,” he said. “A soldier must not indulge in politics.
Rishi Sunak and Akshata Murty. (Photo by HENRY NICHOLLS/AFP via Getty Images) 
