By Akeela Ahmed
As a parent, I know how the easy availability of phones and social media has made it so much harder to keep track of what our children are going through. Add the impact of lockdowns, missed time at school and people who want to exploit young people’s vulnerabilities with conspiracy theories and divisive narratives, and it’s an even more stressful time for parents.
So, I can understand why the country’s most senior officer of colour and the head of counter terrorism policing Neil Basu has asked parents to be more vigilant for signs of their children becoming prey to radicalisation or other online harms. He is launching a new campaign called “Act Early” aimed at tackling terrorism in its early stages, which is part of the Prevent programme.
I have had serious concerns about the structure of Prevent and how the Prevent duty has been implemented – and I hope that the independent review of the programme will help address some of these issues. In the early days of Prevent, a lack of transparency and a disproportionate focus on ethnic minority communities and British Muslims especially fuelled such concerns. There still remains much more to be done to address issues around Islamophobia and Anti-Muslim Hatred, as well as wider issues around prejudice, discrimination and integration.
I will continue to challenge the government on that. But I also recognise the need for a programme such as Prevent and the importance of communities supporting this new campaign.
Firstly, because this campaign is about all forms of radicalisation and aimed at all communities. That’s the right approach because we know that the threat of terrorism can come from any form of extremism. And the rise of right wing terrorism in recent years has been the biggest growing threat. Community confidence increases when people are assured that it is not just one community or minority being singled out.
I am glad to know that the police are taking right wing extremism seriously as I know how much minority communities, and particularly women, are living in fear of harassment, hate crimes and worse. I am also concerned about extremism in our own communities. Though carried out by a tiny minority and not at all representative of who we are, it is real and can have the most terrible consequences, as we are currently reminded when we hear the tragic testimony at the Manchester Arena Inquiry.
Secondly, there has never been enough transparency and communication about Prevent, nor has there been enough acknowledgement of the concerns of communities. Understanding the signs of radicalisation and how these might differ from other issues such as mental health illnesses is not easy. Public knowledge of what to look out for and where to go for help is actually very low. Polling research from ComRes and Crest Advisory that I was involved in advising shows that 68 per cent of the public and 55 per cent of British Muslims have never heard of the Prevent programme.
So it is not surprising that only 3 per cent of all referrals into the Prevent programme come directly from communities.
Yet it is friends and families who will often be the first to notice when something is going wrong in someone’s life. Of course it might not be extremist radicalisation that is causing people to behave differently or worryingly. The important thing is to find out what it is and get them the right help if they need it. So if this new initiative can help get more people more help earlier, especially when they might not have access to the usual mechanisms of support for instance at school or at their GP, then I will support it.
Finally, to help tackle potential barriers to accessing help, I have also been calling for more transparency around the Prevent programme, specifically about what it means longterm for someone if they have been referred to Prevent but did not require an intervention. So I welcome too that this new website will be a single easy place to answer the public’s questions about what Prevent does and doesn’t do. Building confidence among communities about what is done to keep the country safe requires honesty from everyone.
In an ideal world there would be no need for Prevent. The best recourse to deal with issues of extremism would be a bottom up approach in which communities led initiatives like this without need for police intervention. But the recent attacks in France, Austria and earlier in the UK, prove that communities need to work together with the authorities as equal partners in keeping the public safe.
Getting people help early to try and stop problems getting worse is a principle applied in the areas of drugs, mental health, youth offending and safeguarding. It is even more important during the pandemic when people have reduced access to support. Early intervention, if done correctly and appropriately shouldn’t be controversial.
I will continue to challenge politicians and senior police officers where I think they are going wrong. But I am also worried about the threat posed by extremists to communities, and so I call on everyone to come together and do everything we can in our power to stop them, For some, that includes getting professional support and advice early on, even if it feels uncomfortable. ‘Act Early’ should help with that
and make the process easier.
(Akeela Ahmed is a member of the Counter Terrorism Police Advisory Network and Chair of the Independent members of the Government’s Anti-Muslim Hatred Working Group)
