Gayathri Kallukaran is a Junior Journalist with Eastern Eye. She has a Master’s degree in Journalism and Mass Communication from St. Paul’s College, Bengaluru, and brings over five years of experience in content creation, including two years in digital journalism. She covers stories across culture, lifestyle, travel, health, and technology, with a creative yet fact-driven approach to reporting. Known for her sensitivity towards human interest narratives, Gayathri’s storytelling often aims to inform, inspire, and empower. Her journey began as a layout designer and reporter for her college’s daily newsletter, where she also contributed short films and editorial features. Since then, she has worked with platforms like FWD Media, Pepper Content, and Petrons.com, where several of her interviews and features have gained spotlight recognition. Fluent in English, Malayalam, Tamil, and Hindi, she writes in English and Malayalam, continuing to explore inclusive, people-focused storytelling in the digital space.
A model of The Grand Budapest Hotel will be among more than 600 objects featured in a major new Wes Anderson exhibition opening at the Design Museum in London later this year.
Titled Wes Anderson: The Archives, the retrospective has been developed by the museum in collaboration with the acclaimed American filmmaker and La Cinémathèque française. It is set to open on 21 November 2025 and will explore Anderson’s distinctive visual style, detailed craftsmanship, and storytelling across his career.
Wes Anderson, who turns 56 this year, is known for films such as The Royal Tenenbaums, Fantastic Mr Fox, Moonrise Kingdom, The French Dispatch and the Oscar-winning The Grand Budapest Hotel. The latter, released in 2014, received Academy Awards for Best Production Design and Best Costume Design.
The exhibition will present a chronological journey through Anderson’s work, with each section dedicated to one of his films. Central to the display is a candy-pink model of The Grand Budapest Hotel, which served as a key element in the film’s production. The story follows M. Gustave, played by Ralph Fiennes, a concierge at a luxury hotel in a fictional European country during the early 20th century.
Among the other featured items are the vending machines seen in Asteroid City, the Fendi coat worn by Gwyneth Paltrow’s character in The Royal Tenenbaums, and the original stop-motion puppets used to depict underwater creatures in The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou.
Costumes worn by cast members across various Wes Anderson films will also be on display. These include Benicio del Toro’s outfit as Moses Rosenthaler in The French Dispatch, as well as costumes worn by Ralph Fiennes, Scarlett Johansson, Jason Schwartzman, Ben Stiller, Tilda Swinton and Owen Wilson.
A section of the retrospective will focus specifically on Anderson’s work in stop-motion animation, including Fantastic Mr Fox and Isle of Dogs. Visitors will also be able to see unfinished props, set pieces, and other materials that reveal Anderson’s methods and collaborative process.
In addition, a selection of Wes Anderson’s handwritten notebooks will be included. These documents offer insights into the inspirations, character development, and storyboarding behind his films.
Tim Marlow, director and chief executive of the Design Museum, said: “Wes Anderson has created some of the most visually distinctive and emotionally resonant films of the last two decades — from the melancholic charm of The Royal Tenenbaums to the youthful adventurism of Moonrise Kingdom. He’s an utterly compelling creator of cinematic worlds, whose singular vision and attention to detail are underpinned by an acute understanding of design and craftsmanship, which is why the Design Museum is the perfect location for this landmark retrospective.”
The museum previously hosted a successful exhibition on Tim Burton in 2024, which included notable costumes such as Jenna Ortega’s Wednesday dress and Michelle Pfeiffer’s Catwoman suit.
Wes Anderson: The Archives will be on display from 21 November 2025 at the Design Museum in Kensington, London.
THE theme of the Royal Academy’s Summer Exhibition 2025 is “dialogues”, prompting the question: can art help bring together the people of India and Pakistan? Or, indeed, Israel and Iran – or Israel and Palestine?
It so happens that the coordinator of this year’s Summer Exhibition is the internationally celebrated artist and Royal Academician Farshid Moussavi, who is of Iranian origin.
She said: “The Royal Academy Summer Exhibition 2025 is dedicated to art’s capacity to forge dialogues and to nurture sensitivity towards societal concerns, such as ecology, survival and living together. These dialogues can be between people of different races, genders or cultures; between humans, other species and the planet; or across disciplines – art, science, politics, for example.
” In an interview with Eastern Eye, Moussavi stressed that art exhibitions alone cannot solve political problems.
But, she added: “Art exhibitions are about developing sensibilities and giving people the opportunity to see things differently – different from how they are presented, perhaps, in the media, on social media and general media.
“That’s all we can do. There is so much more that unites us than divides us.”
Asked whether art could help temper the anti-immigrant sentiment being stirred by some politicians in the UK, she replied: “The reason why I set the theme of dialogue is to encourage and nurture compassion and understanding. Yes, there is a lot of anti-immigrant [sentiment] – and it’s not just the UK, by the way, it’s everywhere.”
“Sometimes I feel that part of the negative feeling stems from simple ignorance – from not knowing or understanding each other. When you do not understand someone, you become afraid, or you see them as a threat. The more we come together – perhaps by going to exhibitions together, sitting around the table – the more we realise we can cohabit the world while being different. But we need to respect each other.”
The Story Teller by Ley Roberts
In his remarks at the opening of the 257th Summer Exhibition, Andrew Tarsia, director of exhibitions at the RA, said: “It has been held every year without interruption since it was first inaugurated in 1769. The theme of this year’s exhibition is dialogues – a theme which Farshid and the [hanging] committee have explored through more than 1,700 works displayed in the galleries. “Something that really marks this edition is the thoughtfulness with which the theme has been explored – through specific combinations of works that have been carefully curated, selected and hung across the galleries.”
He said Moussavi had worked with other members of the hanging committee, including “Tom Emerson and Stephanie Macdonald of 6a Architects, Vanessa Jackson, Christopher Le Brun, Helen Sear, Caragh Thuring and Richard Wilson. And, of course, the committee was chaired by the president of the Royal Academy, Rebecca Salter.”
This year, there has been a particular focus on architecture.
Tarsia was followed by Moussavi, who said that being the coordinator had given her “a wonderful opportunity to test art, and I’m including architecture as part of that capacity to forge dialogue between people, ideas and things.
Summer Exhibition coordinator Farshid Moussavi, with Royal Academy director of exhibitions Andrea Tarsia in the background
“We live at a time of unprecedented polarity, whether cultural, social or political. Since the world out there is focused on those polarities, here we have the opportunity to dwell on what is common to us.”
She was trying to “find conversations between artworks or within artworks as a way to inspire us to come together and address the many problems we face, which arise from multiple spheres.
“In order to address them, we need to think across things, rather than treat them in isolation. The first such separation we have tried to address is that between architecture and art at the Summer Exhibition. You will notice there is no dedicated architecture room – instead, architecture is treated as art and displayed throughout the galleries.” She added: “Pairing art and architecture has definitely been a theme.”
An installation by Ryan Gander
She referred to the large inflatable balls designed by Ryan Gander, with questions inscribed on them such as, “How much is a lot?” and “When do you know you’re right?”
The RA said: “A playful, large-scale installation by Gander is on display in the Annenberg Courtyard. Featuring five three-metre-diameter inflatable balls inscribed with questions developed with children, the work represents the inquisitiveness of kids, who ask what grown-ups often dismiss as nonsensical or illogical.”
“Raising questions is the start of addressing our problems,” commented Moussavi. “You will notice his inflatable balls in the courtyard and one inside the gallery. They confront us with questions raised by children, but which are very difficult to answer. They make us think. They make us reflect.”
A sectional model of DY Patil University Centre of Excellence, Mumbai, by Spencer de Grey
One ball inside the building had blocked the usual route taken by visitors to the Summer Exhibition. This was deliberate, forcing them to choose between two routes instead of three.
“Some people apparently take the [exhibition] book and go through the numbers,” she quipped. “I do not do that. I go with what I feel like.”
She referred to a building in Ukraine that had been painted by Jock McFadyen: “For an architect, the elevation or façade of a building is like working on a canvas. We see these kinds of dialogues. We have also discovered other themes. The open submissions come in, and we begin to identify issues that seem to be on the minds of artists and architects. One recurring theme is reuse.
“I can point you to an area where artists are working with found materials. There is an existing building that has been transformed or repurposed for a different use, and you can see the old ceiling and the new ceiling side by side. We can take what already exists – perhaps something lifeless or no longer useful – and transform it, give it a new life.
” Committee members Tom Emerson and Stephanie Macdonald of 6a Architects “have, in response to the theme, invited architectural submissions that explore how architecture can bring society together and reconnect with nature and its entangled global past and present”.
On display is work by a number of architects, including London-based Arinjoy Sen. “His work and interests have an acute focus on contested landscapes, citizenship, migration, narrative and spatial justice,” his studio said. “Sen brings a contemporary take on narrative painting, specifically evoking traditional forms such as Mughal miniatures, Kalighat paintings and pattachitra. He revisits the idea of the ritual through and beyond its association with religion.
Rituals and Identity and Theatre of Resistance by Arinjoy Sen
“Sen uses the digital medium combined with traditional craft practices like kantha embroidery and carpet weaving.”
In addition to the large number of public submissions, Royal Academicians exhibiting work include Rana Begum, Frank Bowling, Grayson Perry, Lubaina Himid, Cornelia Parker, Veronica Ryan, Conrad Shawcross, Yinka Shonibare and Rose Wylie.
Suspended works are a recurring theme throughout the exhibition; hanging above visitors in the largest gallery is an installation of textile carcasses by Argentine American artist Tamara Kostianovsky. Other invited artists this year include Lucy and Jorge Orta, Hussein Chalayan, Anya Gallaccio and John Walker.
n The Summer Exhibition is currently open to the public at the Royal Academy of Arts and will run until August 17, 2025
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Each painting is visually vivid and scientifically supported
The exhibition Swara Raga Chitra by HN Suresh, Director of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bengaluru, was inaugurated on 14 June by Supreme Court advocate Sri Santhana Krishnan. Open daily until 22 June, the exhibition runs from 11 am to 7 pm at The Bhavan.
Artworks grounded in cosmology and music
The 50 digital paintings showcase a blend of cosmology and Indian classical music, with a focus on their scientific and metaphysical links. Featured works include Navagraha Mandala (nine planets) and Rashi Mandala (twelve zodiacs), grounded in astronomy and astrology.
Inspired by tradition, enriched by research
Each painting is visually vivid and scientifically supported, resulting from Suresh’s collaborations with leading scientists in India and abroad. Central themes of time and space tie the exhibition to deeper philosophical ideas.
The 50 digital paintings showcase a blend of cosmology and Indian classical musicThe Bhavan
The compositions accompanying the artworks were created by scholar-musician Dr. T. S. Sathyavathi, drawing inspiration from the Sri-Tatva-Nidhi of Krishnaraja Wodeyar III.
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Pooja Singhal on reviving Rajasthan’s Pichvai art with Feast Melody and Adornment in the UK’s largest showcase
For the first time, London’s Mall Galleries will host a major exhibition dedicated entirely to Pichvai paintings, an intricate devotional textile tradition from Rajasthan. Titled Feast, Melody and Adornment (2–6 July 2025), the show brings over 350 artworks to a British audience, highlighting the evolution and global revival of this 400-year-old art form.
Curated by Pooja Singhal, founder of Udaipur-based atelier Pichvai Tradition and Beyond, the exhibition is being hailed as the most ambitious contemporary presentation of Pichvai to date. In fact, it marks a powerful shift in how Indian temple art is being experienced: not in hushed museum archives, but as a vibrant, living tradition reaching new audiences.
Pichvai, meaning “behind the idol”, originated in the 17th century in Nathdwara, a temple town near Udaipur. Artists created these large-format cloth paintings for daily darshans (ritual viewings) of Srinathji, a baby Krishna deity. These works captured moments of shringar (adornment), bhog (feasting) and raag (devotional music), and were displayed behind the idol in the sanctum.
Deccan Miniature Images - Gold Cows on red getty images
Over time, these temple painters formed a tight-knit community. “My mother collected Pichvais, and my grandfather sold them,” says Singhal, whose childhood was steeped in this visual tradition. “I literally grew up surrounded by them.”
Layers of meaning, scale and detail
Though often mistaken for simple Krishna depictions, Pichvais are complex, layered artworks. They can include over 100 miniature elements like cows, lotuses, chariots and gopis, often spanning six to eight feet in height. Some motifs, like lotus blooms, are symbolic too, evoking cooling relief during Rajasthan’s scorching summers.
Pastel Lotus getty images
“Pichvai is unique because it marries the scale of a textile with the detailing of miniature painting,” explains Singhal. “Every inch has a hundred layers. You can stand there for hours and keep discovering new stories.”
Krishna as Govindagetty image
Schools of miniature painting from Nathdwara, Bundi, Jaipur and Kishangarh influence the styles on display. Some resemble aerial maps of temple festivals; others evoke the rhythm of music or the warmth of food being served to devotees.
Reimagining tradition for a global audience
Singhal’s goal since launching Pichvai Tradition and Beyond in 2010 has been to preserve traditional methods while adapting them for modern collectors. Her key innovations include:
Grayscale reinterpretations for minimal, contemporary homes
Greyscale Pichvais
Restored sketchbook folios, recreating daily temple scenes from archival fragments
Sketches
Pastel colour palettes and geometric cow motifs to appeal to wider interiors
Modern Cow Pastel
Framing artworks individually, allowing Pichvai sketches to stand as contemporary works in their own right
Sketches
These modern adaptations haven’t diluted the tradition; they’ve helped it grow. One of the atelier’s works was even selected by Prime Minister Narendra Modi as a diplomatic gift to a foreign leader, an unexpected milestone that, according to Singhal, affirmed the relevance and stature of this centuries-old tradition in the modern world. “When a Swedish collector bought a grayscale Pichvai at the India Art Fair, I realised the form can travel,” she says.
Pichvai gifted to Narendra Modi
A new system for old skills
Breaking away from the age-old guru–shishya (teacher–disciple) model, Singhal’s atelier now works more like a studio collective. A team of 10–12 artists from different miniature schools collaborate on large and small format works.
“Many painters had no work,” she says. “We started smaller Pichvais and even Deccan-style gold miniatures. It gave artists a viable livelihood.”
Black and gold Gopis
Bringing Pichvai to Britain
Shipping 350 works across continents has taken six months of preparation. The Victorian-era Mall Galleries, located near Trafalgar Square, has never hosted an Indian temple art show of this magnitude.
The artworks are split across three interconnected rooms, themed around Raag, Bhog and Shringar. Alongside the art, there will be over 15 events including artist walkthroughs, collector previews, academic panels, and auctions benefiting Rajasthan’s artisans.
The Haveli of Shrinathji
“I’ve never worked at this scale before,” Singhal admits. “But if every visitor leaves feeling connected to the art, it’ll be worth it.”
What it means for British-Indian audiences
This is the first exhibition in the UK to exclusively showcase newly created Pichvais, not just preserved artefacts. For British-Asian families who’ve seen such works in temples or family homes, it’s a rare chance to see them celebrated on an international platform.
“Many have never seen this tradition at such scale or detail,” says Singhal. “And now, these living artists, whose families have painted for generations, get their moment.”
📍 Mall Galleries, The Mall, London SW1Y 5BD 📅 2–6 July 2025 🕙 10:00–18:00 daily (until 19:00 on 4 July) 🎟️ Admission: £12 (₹1,280), £8 (₹850), Free for Under 12s 🔗 More info: mallgalleries.org.uk
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Drawings by Victor Hugo on display include Ecce Lex
The moment I walked into the Royal Academy to see Astonishing Things: The Drawings of Victor Hugo, I thought of Rabindranath Tagore.
Both men were giants of literature, but they were visual artists as well.
Victor-Marie Hugo (February 26, 1802- May 22, 1885) is best known for his novels The Hunchback ofNotre-Dame (1831) – many will have seen the 1939 film adaptation starring Charles Laughton and Maureen O’Hara – and Les Misérables (1862), which BBC TV adapted in 2018, with a starring role for Adeel Akhtar.
The Cheerful CastleParis Musees
Rabindranath Tagore (May 7, 1861-August 7, 1941) was a Bengali poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913, for the poetry of Gitanjali.
Gallery owner Sundaram Tagore, who had flown over from New York to attend Eastern Eye’s Arts, Culture & Theatre Awards (ACTAs) at the May Fair Hotel on May 23, said: “Before leaving London, I managed to visit the Victor Hugo exhibition, which moved me deeply.”
Sundaram’s father, Subhogendranath Tagore (1912-1985), was the grandson of Hemendranath Tagore, the third son of Debendranath Tagore and the elder brother of Rabindranath Tagore.
The Victor Hugo exhibition is definitely worth seeing before it ends on June 29.
Giving a tour of the exhibition, Andrea Tarsia, director of exhibitions at the Royal Academy, said Hugo left behind some 4,000 works on paper, of which 70 were chosen for display.
“But they really are 70 of his most remarkable drawings,” commented Tarsia. Hugo often used brown ink and wash and graphite on paper.
OctopusParis Musees
Notable works include The Town of Vianden Seen Through a Spider’s Web, 1871; Mushroom, 1850; Lace and Spectres, 1855-56; The Cheerful Castle, 1847; The Town of Vianden, with Stone Cross, 1871; Mirror with Birds, 1870; Chain, 1864; Octopus, 1866–69; and The Lighthouse at Casquets, Guernsey, 1866.
There is also Ecce Lex (Latin for “Behold the Law”), 1854, done after the hanging of John Tapner in Guernsey; and The Shade of the Manchineel Tree (notes from a trip to the Pyrenees and Spain), 1856, where the shade is made to resemble a skull to denote the poisonous qualities of the fruit.
The Shade of the Manchineel TreeParis Musees
There is a photograph of Hugo seated on the Rocher des Proscrits (Exile’s Rock), Jersey, 1853, which was taken by his son, Charles Hugo.
“Hopefully, together, they will give you an intimate sense of Hugo’s remarkable, multifaceted imagination. Perhaps people are less familiar with his work as a visual artist. The exhibition is the first to be held in the UK with Hugo’s drawings in just over half a century.”
MushroomParis Musees
He explained it was “a rare chance to see these works because the inks and the paper are so fragile that once exhibited, even at these very low lighting levels, they then need to be kept in the dark for an extended period of time”.
The exhibition’s curator, Sarah Lea, said: “We made a decision to arrange these spectacular works in a thematic structure, because although Hugo drew across his lifetime, he often returns to similar motifs. And it’s really interesting to be able to see, for example, the collections of the castles, one of his great passions. Despite writing so much, he doesn’t leave us very much direct commentary on the drawings themselves. He was inspired by the way ink moves on paper. He was never intending to be an artist.”
She referred to his “mysterious” drawing of a mushroom: “Who knows what was really meant by the mushroom? It appears to us as a total enigma.”
“We have him exploring nature on the monumental level with mountains, and a minute level with spiders’ webs and birds’ nests,” she went on. “The drawings were largely private during his lifetime. Sometimes he made works that he would send to friends. But the drawings themselves weren’t exhibited until three years after his death. They’re first shown in a public exhibition in Paris in 1888.”
A photograph of Hugo taken by his son, CharlesParis Musees
Hugo lived in exile from 1856 to 1870 on the island of Guernsey, where he bought a house. “He redecorated it from bottom to top in a most extraordinary manner of eclectic collecting and reassembling different pieces of furniture and decorative arts. And it was from the lookout, which was a vast conservatory that he constructed at the top of this house, that he would be able, on a clear day, to see the coastline of France. And it was there that he completed some of his most important literary works. A profound source of inspiration for Hugo was the ocean.”
He strongly opposed the death penalty. After the execution by hanging of convicted murderer John Tapner in Guernsey in 1854, Hugo made many drawings of a hanged man, including Ecce Lex.
He also appealed – unsuccessfully – to the US to pardon John Brown, an abolitionist who had been sentenced to death in Virginia on charges of treason, murder and conspiracy to incite a slave insurrection. Hugo appeared to be an early supporter of Black Lives Matter.
Hugo’s brother-in-law, Paul Chenay, made print reproductions of his earlier Ecce drawings, which were published with a new title, John Brown, and circulated in protest at Brown’s execution.
In a letter to Chenay in 1861, Hugo said: “John Brown is a hero and a martyr. His death was a crime. His gallows is a cross. Let us therefore once again draw the attention of all to the lessons of the gallows of Charlestown. My drawing, which through your fine talent has been reproduced with striking fidelity, has no other value than this name: John Brown – a name that must be repeated unceasingly, to the supporters of the American republic, so that it reminds them of their duty to the slaves: to call them forth to freedom. I shake your hand.”
When Hugo died in 1885, aged 83, over two million people lined the streets of Paris to see his funeral procession. But many of Hugo’s admirers wouldn’t have been aware of his private love of drawing.
Incidentally, the Royal Academy last week announced that Simon Wallis, currently the director of The Hepworth Wakefield, will take over in September as its new secretary and chief executive. In his earlier career, he held curatorial positions at Kettle’s Yard, Cambridge, and Tate Liverpool. He was the director of Chisenhale Gallery, London.
Wallis, who succeeds Axel Rüger, said: “The Royal Academy of Arts is at a pivotal moment of development and positive change. The RA is the central London home for artists, art and art lovers, generating powerful experiences and innovative teaching about art in a rapidly changing society. As the UK’s oldest and foremost artist-led organisation, the extraordinary talent and vision of the Royal Academicians and their team lead the creative conversation on a national and international stage.”
Now that Hugo has been featured at the Royal Academy, maybe Tagore, too, will merit an exhibition one day under Wallis’s leadership.
The Royal Academy won the ACTA for community engagement last year. It was collected by Tarsia.
In Astonishing Things: The Drawings of Victor Hugo, at the Jillian and Arthur M Sackler Wing of Galleries at the Royal Academy, ends on June 29.
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The Ancient India: Living traditions exhibition at the British Museum
The British Museum’s Ancient India: Living Traditions is among the most significant displays for Hindus, Jains, and Buddhists living in the UK.
Eastern Eye was given a tour of the exhibition by its curator, Dr Sushma Jansari, the Tabor Foundation curator of South Asia at the British Museum, and Kajal Meghani, the project curator, who has completed a PhD on the contributions of South Asian collectors to the museum.
A seated Jain enlightened teacherAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
Highlights in the exhibition include: Ardhanarishvara, “lord who is half woman” – Shiva and Parvati combined in one deity – dated about 1790–1810; the Bimaran casket, about 1st century; Gaja-Lakshmi (“Elephant Lakshmi”), goddess of good fortune, about 1780; Ganesha made in Java from volcanic stone, about AD 1000–1200; the head of a grimacing yaksha, about second or third century; Naga, about 17th century; a sandstone figure of Ganesha from Uttar Pradesh, about AD 750; a seated Jain enlightened teacher in meditation, about AD 1150–1200; and a silk watercolour painting of the Buddha from China, about AD 701–750.
Ganesha from JavaAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
Jansari said one of the aims of the exhibition was to connect the figures with visitors, especially practitioners of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism in the UK.
She said: “Most of them don’t know a great deal about Indian religions, so (this is) just to say that these might be ancient images, but they are and have always been under veneration. People do venerate them. This isn’t all about just one religious tradition. It’s about three of the indigenous religions of the subcontinent. You’ve got the Buddha, Ganesh and a Jain enlightened teacher (in close proximity).
A Chinese silk painting depicting the BuddhaAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
“It was important for me, as a member of the South Asian diaspora, that I didn’t want to split up these traditions. I wanted very much to look at our collections and ask, what are the commonalities between Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism.
“What are their artistic origins? Just as we live alongside each other, it was the same in the ancient past. It was even more fluid because you didn’t subscribe to just one particular religion. You would venerate at different shrines. You’d subscribe to different aspects of these different religions.”
ArdhanarishvaraAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
She stopped at one point: “We wanted you to feel the atmosphere of ancient India. We’re in early India, maybe about the second century BCE. Most of the population live in the countryside. There are obviously some amazing cities as well, but we’re looking at the countryside.
Head of a grimacing yakshaAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
You’re living in an agrarian society. The failure of your crops means famine, and the success of your crops means you are likely to survive another year with your family, and you will prosper. And we’re just trying to evoke that.”
In Indian mythology, a yaksha is a class of supernatural beings, often nature spirits or deities, that can be benevolent, mischievous, or even malevolent. They are frequently associated with water, fertility, trees, the forest, treasure, and wilderness. Yakshas are often depicted as guardians of places or treasures and can be found in Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist texts, as well as in temples throughout South and Southeast Asia.
“You can hear the sounds of nature,” continued Jansari. “Maybe you’re walking through a dappled forest, and then you encounter the yakshas, the yakshis and the (snake gods) nagas and the naginis. And these are some of the earliest images of deities in the subcontinent, shaped in human form, which is incredibly important, but it doesn’t mean that they’re consigned to the past. This is not ancient and long gone, like an exhibition of beautiful Greek or Roman art, but those deities are no longer under active worship. These have a long continuous life.”
NagaAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
The yakshas and the yakshis were “not all lovely, happy figures,” said Jansari. “Actually, they need to be placated. You’ve got these grimacing yakshas here, and they’re clutching sacrificial animals.”
She pointed out a figure of “a voluptuous woman draped in jewellery. There’s lots of floral imagery. You are thinking about fecundity and plenty. But then you look a bit more closely at her hair, there are weapons emanating out. These are powerful, independent goddesses with a martial quality.”
The Bimaran casketAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
Jansari spoke about snakes and why in many societies in India, particularly in rural parts, they tend not to be killed.
She explained: “The nagas and the naginis were independent, really powerful gods. And in a society where the monsoon is incredibly important for the success or failure of your crops, the snakes are vital. You’ve got lovely plenty of water, which means your crops are growing, which means there are more rodents and frogs. So having lots of snakes around is a really healthy sign. They were venerated. They were not killed. It was considered very bad karma to kill a snake. And even now, you still don’t kill snakes. Within nature spirits, it’s not only yakshas and yakshis and nagas and naginis it’s also animal-headed deities.” She talked about the genesis of the exhibition: “I really wanted to show the connections between this ancient religious art and nature, but also the religions themselves. There are so many similarities. There are also key differences. I wanted to make sure that this exhibition is not seen as ancient objects from abroad which have no meaning or purpose here in the UK. They absolutely do for large portions of our society. This is very much part of British culture. That’s how Belgrave Road (in Leicester) happens.”
Meghani looked at “how these faiths and the practices travelled, not just from India to the UK, but there is this weaving through East Africa and other places, and how these traditions change and are adapted to these spaces, how it allows people to maintain a sense of connection with their families and also their faith.”
The curators had consulted places of worship in the UK. They included the Buddhapadipa temple in Wimbledon, the BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in Neasden in north London, as well as the Oshwal Association of the UK in Potter’s Bar in Hertfordshire.
Meghani said: “This is one of the films we created with a community partner in Potter’s bar. Manjula Shah, who volunteers at Potter’s Bar, wakes up at the crack of dawn to get to the temple for 7 am. She’s preparing sandalwood paste, and she’ll use that in the ceremony.
“And we wanted to include sites in the UK to show how South Asians are still carrying on their veneration practices within Britain today.
” In Ancient India: Living traditions is at the British Museum until October 19, 2025.