In terms of the number of films as a Bollywood hero, Jeetendra is comfortably among the top five of all time.
The prolific actor starred in a very long list of successful cinema classics across multiple genres and decades. He acted opposite the biggest leading ladies, worked with major filmmakers, and is rightly regarded as one of the greatest heroes in Hindi cinema history.
Born in 1942, the popular star turns 82 next Monday (7). Eastern Eye marks the occasion with a look at his action-packed life and extraordinary career.
A is for Amritsar: The actor was born Ravi Kapoor in Amritsar, Punjab, to Amarnath and Krishna Kapoor, who supplied imitation jewellery to the Hindi film industry.
Geet Gaya Patharon NeMovie still
B is for beginning: While selling jewellery to legendary filmmaker V Shantaram, he was discovered by the director, given the name Jeetendra, and cast in the 1964 film Geet Gaya Patharon Ne. He starred opposite the director’s daughter, Rajshree, who was making her debut as a leading lady. That role marked the beginning of a dream career.
Ekta Kapoor , Jeetendra and Tusshar KapoorGetty
C is for children: He has two children with his wife Shobha Kapoor (see W). His son Tusshar Kapoor became an actor, though with limited success. His daughter Ekta Kapoor is a major force in the television and film industry, having transformed the family’s company Balaji Telefilms into a leading powerhouse – including the launch of a video-on-demand platform (see T). Ekta remains arguably the most powerful and successful female producer of the modern era.
CaravanMovie
D is for delay: Jeetendra signed numerous films that were shelved or faced staggered releases due to production issues. The most delayed of these was the spy drama The Gold Medal, which began production in 1969 and was finally released in 1984.
E is for education: Jeetendra attended the same school and college as his friend, actor Rajesh Khanna. He supported Khanna in his early days in the industry, and the two later co-starred in films such as Dharam Kanta (1982), Nishaan (1983) and Maqsad (1984). Their lifelong friendship remained strong.
F is for Farz: His star-making 1967 hit Farz was heavily inspired by the James Bond films and was a remake of the Telugu thriller Gudachari 116. It led to sequels including Keemat (1973) and Raksha (1982). The spy drama also inspired his 1985 film Bond 303. The song Baar Baar Din Ye Aaye, which he performed in Farz, is widely regarded as Bollywood’s greatest birthday track and remains popular to this day.
Interestingly, more established actors such as Manoj Kumar, Shashi Kapoor and Dharmendra had turned the film down. Jeetendra once said: “I was the needy and greedy one then and signed the film gladly.”
G is for grandchildren: Jeetendra’s unmarried son, Tusshar Kapoor, became a single parent through surrogacy in 2016. His daughter Ekta Kapoor also embraced motherhood through surrogacy in 2019.
Jaya Prada, Jeetendra and SrideviJeetendra movie
H is for hits: The celebrated star acted in an exceptional number of hit films, including Farz, Jeene KiRaah, Khilona, Caravan, Dharam Veer, Jaani Dushman, Aasha, Meri Aawaz Suno, Farz Aur Kanoon, Himmatwala, Tohfa, Maqsad, Khudgarz, Mere Huzoor, Humjoli, Parichay, Khushboo, Kinara, Priyatama, Pyaasa Sawan, Sanjog and many others.
I is for international: Jeetendra nearly made his English-language debut with the British film Daddy I Love You in 1988, where he was set to play an Indian doctor. The project was ultimately shelved.
J is for jumping: His high-energy dance moves and trademark style earned him the nickname Jumping Jack Jeetendra.
K is for Karva Chauth: In 1976, Jeetendra narrowly escaped a tragic fate. He had planned to board a flight to Chennai on Karva Chauth (Hindu festival), but a delay led him to return home so his wife Shobha could complete the festival rituals. She insisted he stay, and he postponed the trip to the next day. That night, the flight he was supposed to take crashed in a fiery explosion.
L is for leading ladies: Jeetendra shared screen space with many of Bollywood’s top heroines. The three actresses he worked with most frequently were Rekha, Jaya Prada and Sridevi (see S).
JeetendraMovie still
M is for Mahabharat Aur Barbareek: Jeetendra’s final film role was a brief cameo in this devotional drama. His last major Bollywood appearance was in the star-studded song Deewangi Deewangi from Om Shanti Om (2007).
N is for Naseeb: The iconic ensemble film Naseeb (1981) featured the celebratory song John Jaani Janardhan, which highlighted the success of Dharam Veer – a Jeetendra starrer that became the second highest-grossing film of 1977.
O is for online: The Bollywood legend came out of retirement in 2019 to play a supporting role in the web series Baarish – When You Are In Mood For Romance. The show was developed by his daughter Ekta Kapoor for streaming platforms ALTBalaji and ZEE5.
P is for prolific: Jeetendra is among the rare actors to have starred in nearly 200 films as a leading man, opposite most of Hindi cinema’s top heroines. From 1977 to 1987, he consistently had seven or more releases each year, with 12 in 1981, 14 in 1982, and 11 in 1986.
Justice ChaudhuryJeetendra
Q is for quotes: Whether delivering powerful dialogues on screen or offering candid remarks in interviews, Jeetendra produced many memorable lines. There is even a page dedicated to him on the website Brainy Quote. He once remarked: “My life is very simple, it is not worth being written into a biography, for that ‘masala’ is required.”
R is for remakes: While he acted in a few films inspired by Hollywood, no other Bollywood star has headlined as many Hindi remakes of South Indian films. According to estimates, he starred in more than 70 such remakes. His most successful partnership was with director K Raghavendra Rao, with hits including Farz Aur Kaanoon, Himmatwala, Justice Chaudhury, Tohfa, Kaamyab and Mera Saathi.
S is for Sridevi: The legendary actress gained her Bollywood breakthrough by starring opposite Jeetendra in a string of major hits. They acted together in 16 films – 13 of which were box office successes. Their collaborations included Jaani Dost, Justice Chaudhury, Mawaali, Tohfa, Balidaan, Dharm Adhikari, Aulad, Sone Pe Suhaaga and Himmatwala, which was the highest-grossing film of 1983.
HimmatwalaSridevi Kapoor.com
T is for television: The family-run company Balaji Telefilms, co-founded by Jeetendra and led by his daughter Ekta, is arguably the most successful production house in Indian television history. It launched stars, shaped the TV landscape, and helped transform the medium into a multi-billion-pound industry. Its biggest hits include Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi, Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii, Kaahin Kissii Roz, Kasautii Zindagii Kay, Kkusum, Kasamh Se, Pavitra Rishta, Bade Achhe Lagte Hain, Kumkum Bhagya, Yeh Hai Chahatein, Parineetii and many more.
U is for Udhaar Ki Zindagi: After a rocky start in Hindi cinema, Kajol made her first significant impact with this 1994 family drama, opposite Jeetendra. The film, a remake of the 1991 Telugu hit Seetharamayya Gari Manavaralu, gave her an author-backed role early in her career.
V is for validation: The veteran star has received multiple lifetime achievement honours, including at the Filmfare, Zee Cine and Screen Awards. However, despite a career filled with acclaimed performances and commercial success, he was never nominated for a Filmfare Best Actor award – a surprising omission given his winning performances.
Jeetendra and his wife ShobhaBollywood Nostalgia
W is for wife: Jeetendra met Shobha before achieving stardom, and they married in a simple ceremony attended by close family and friends in 1974. The wedding almost did not happen – he was once close to marrying actress Hema Malini, but she backed out.
X is for X-factor: One of Jeetendra’s greatest strengths was his versatility. He embraced all genres – from thoughtful art-house dramas to commercial entertainers, multi-starrers and remakes. He also took on supporting roles and appeared in experimental films, resulting in one of the most varied filmographies in Indian cinema.
Y is for younger days: As a young boy, Jeetendra idolised Dilip Kumar and watched all his films. This admiration sparked his ambition to act. He once recalled: “As a child I liked to watch movies. As a young man I wanted to work in films.”
Z is for zodiac: Born under the sign of Aries, Jeetendra embodies the qualities associated with it – spontaneous, independent, bold, ambitious, self-reliant, adventurous and assertive. Arians are also seen as natural leaders, traits the actor demonstrated throughout his remarkable career.
For the first time, London’s Mall Galleries will host a major exhibition dedicated entirely to Pichvai paintings, an intricate devotional textile tradition from Rajasthan. Titled Feast, Melody and Adornment (2–6 July 2025), the show brings over 350 artworks to a British audience, highlighting the evolution and global revival of this 400-year-old art form.
Curated by Pooja Singhal, founder of Udaipur-based atelier Pichvai Tradition and Beyond, the exhibition is being hailed as the most ambitious contemporary presentation of Pichvai to date. In fact, it marks a powerful shift in how Indian temple art is being experienced: not in hushed museum archives, but as a vibrant, living tradition reaching new audiences.
Pichvai, meaning “behind the idol”, originated in the 17th century in Nathdwara, a temple town near Udaipur. Artists created these large-format cloth paintings for daily darshans (ritual viewings) of Srinathji, a baby Krishna deity. These works captured moments of shringar (adornment), bhog (feasting) and raag (devotional music), and were displayed behind the idol in the sanctum.
Deccan Miniature Images - Gold Cows on red getty images
Over time, these temple painters formed a tight-knit community. “My mother collected Pichvais, and my grandfather sold them,” says Singhal, whose childhood was steeped in this visual tradition. “I literally grew up surrounded by them.”
Layers of meaning, scale and detail
Though often mistaken for simple Krishna depictions, Pichvais are complex, layered artworks. They can include over 100 miniature elements like cows, lotuses, chariots and gopis, often spanning six to eight feet in height. Some motifs, like lotus blooms, are symbolic too, evoking cooling relief during Rajasthan’s scorching summers.
Pastel Lotus getty images
“Pichvai is unique because it marries the scale of a textile with the detailing of miniature painting,” explains Singhal. “Every inch has a hundred layers. You can stand there for hours and keep discovering new stories.”
Krishna as Govindagetty image
Schools of miniature painting from Nathdwara, Bundi, Jaipur and Kishangarh influence the styles on display. Some resemble aerial maps of temple festivals; others evoke the rhythm of music or the warmth of food being served to devotees.
Reimagining tradition for a global audience
Singhal’s goal since launching Pichvai Tradition and Beyond in 2010 has been to preserve traditional methods while adapting them for modern collectors. Her key innovations include:
Grayscale reinterpretations for minimal, contemporary homes
Greyscale Pichvais
Restored sketchbook folios, recreating daily temple scenes from archival fragments
Sketches
Pastel colour palettes and geometric cow motifs to appeal to wider interiors
Modern Cow Pastel
Framing artworks individually, allowing Pichvai sketches to stand as contemporary works in their own right
Sketches
These modern adaptations haven’t diluted the tradition; they’ve helped it grow. One of the atelier’s works was even selected by Prime Minister Narendra Modi as a diplomatic gift to a foreign leader, an unexpected milestone that, according to Singhal, affirmed the relevance and stature of this centuries-old tradition in the modern world. “When a Swedish collector bought a grayscale Pichvai at the India Art Fair, I realised the form can travel,” she says.
Pichvai gifted to Narendra Modi
A new system for old skills
Breaking away from the age-old guru–shishya (teacher–disciple) model, Singhal’s atelier now works more like a studio collective. A team of 10–12 artists from different miniature schools collaborate on large and small format works.
“Many painters had no work,” she says. “We started smaller Pichvais and even Deccan-style gold miniatures. It gave artists a viable livelihood.”
Black and gold Gopis
Bringing Pichvai to Britain
Shipping 350 works across continents has taken six months of preparation. The Victorian-era Mall Galleries, located near Trafalgar Square, has never hosted an Indian temple art show of this magnitude.
The artworks are split across three interconnected rooms, themed around Raag, Bhog and Shringar. Alongside the art, there will be over 15 events including artist walkthroughs, collector previews, academic panels, and auctions benefiting Rajasthan’s artisans.
The Haveli of Shrinathji
“I’ve never worked at this scale before,” Singhal admits. “But if every visitor leaves feeling connected to the art, it’ll be worth it.”
What it means for British-Indian audiences
This is the first exhibition in the UK to exclusively showcase newly created Pichvais, not just preserved artefacts. For British-Asian families who’ve seen such works in temples or family homes, it’s a rare chance to see them celebrated on an international platform.
“Many have never seen this tradition at such scale or detail,” says Singhal. “And now, these living artists, whose families have painted for generations, get their moment.”
📍 Mall Galleries, The Mall, London SW1Y 5BD 📅 2–6 July 2025 🕙 10:00–18:00 daily (until 19:00 on 4 July) 🎟️ Admission: £12 (₹1,280), £8 (₹850), Free for Under 12s 🔗 More info: mallgalleries.org.uk
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Drawings by Victor Hugo on display include Ecce Lex
The moment I walked into the Royal Academy to see Astonishing Things: The Drawings of Victor Hugo, I thought of Rabindranath Tagore.
Both men were giants of literature, but they were visual artists as well.
Victor-Marie Hugo (February 26, 1802- May 22, 1885) is best known for his novels The Hunchback ofNotre-Dame (1831) – many will have seen the 1939 film adaptation starring Charles Laughton and Maureen O’Hara – and Les Misérables (1862), which BBC TV adapted in 2018, with a starring role for Adeel Akhtar.
The Cheerful CastleParis Musees
Rabindranath Tagore (May 7, 1861-August 7, 1941) was a Bengali poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913, for the poetry of Gitanjali.
Gallery owner Sundaram Tagore, who had flown over from New York to attend Eastern Eye’s Arts, Culture & Theatre Awards (ACTAs) at the May Fair Hotel on May 23, said: “Before leaving London, I managed to visit the Victor Hugo exhibition, which moved me deeply.”
Sundaram’s father, Subhogendranath Tagore (1912-1985), was the grandson of Hemendranath Tagore, the third son of Debendranath Tagore and the elder brother of Rabindranath Tagore.
The Victor Hugo exhibition is definitely worth seeing before it ends on June 29.
Giving a tour of the exhibition, Andrea Tarsia, director of exhibitions at the Royal Academy, said Hugo left behind some 4,000 works on paper, of which 70 were chosen for display.
“But they really are 70 of his most remarkable drawings,” commented Tarsia. Hugo often used brown ink and wash and graphite on paper.
OctopusParis Musees
Notable works include The Town of Vianden Seen Through a Spider’s Web, 1871; Mushroom, 1850; Lace and Spectres, 1855-56; The Cheerful Castle, 1847; The Town of Vianden, with Stone Cross, 1871; Mirror with Birds, 1870; Chain, 1864; Octopus, 1866–69; and The Lighthouse at Casquets, Guernsey, 1866.
There is also Ecce Lex (Latin for “Behold the Law”), 1854, done after the hanging of John Tapner in Guernsey; and The Shade of the Manchineel Tree (notes from a trip to the Pyrenees and Spain), 1856, where the shade is made to resemble a skull to denote the poisonous qualities of the fruit.
The Shade of the Manchineel TreeParis Musees
There is a photograph of Hugo seated on the Rocher des Proscrits (Exile’s Rock), Jersey, 1853, which was taken by his son, Charles Hugo.
“Hopefully, together, they will give you an intimate sense of Hugo’s remarkable, multifaceted imagination. Perhaps people are less familiar with his work as a visual artist. The exhibition is the first to be held in the UK with Hugo’s drawings in just over half a century.”
MushroomParis Musees
He explained it was “a rare chance to see these works because the inks and the paper are so fragile that once exhibited, even at these very low lighting levels, they then need to be kept in the dark for an extended period of time”.
The exhibition’s curator, Sarah Lea, said: “We made a decision to arrange these spectacular works in a thematic structure, because although Hugo drew across his lifetime, he often returns to similar motifs. And it’s really interesting to be able to see, for example, the collections of the castles, one of his great passions. Despite writing so much, he doesn’t leave us very much direct commentary on the drawings themselves. He was inspired by the way ink moves on paper. He was never intending to be an artist.”
She referred to his “mysterious” drawing of a mushroom: “Who knows what was really meant by the mushroom? It appears to us as a total enigma.”
“We have him exploring nature on the monumental level with mountains, and a minute level with spiders’ webs and birds’ nests,” she went on. “The drawings were largely private during his lifetime. Sometimes he made works that he would send to friends. But the drawings themselves weren’t exhibited until three years after his death. They’re first shown in a public exhibition in Paris in 1888.”
A photograph of Hugo taken by his son, CharlesParis Musees
Hugo lived in exile from 1856 to 1870 on the island of Guernsey, where he bought a house. “He redecorated it from bottom to top in a most extraordinary manner of eclectic collecting and reassembling different pieces of furniture and decorative arts. And it was from the lookout, which was a vast conservatory that he constructed at the top of this house, that he would be able, on a clear day, to see the coastline of France. And it was there that he completed some of his most important literary works. A profound source of inspiration for Hugo was the ocean.”
He strongly opposed the death penalty. After the execution by hanging of convicted murderer John Tapner in Guernsey in 1854, Hugo made many drawings of a hanged man, including Ecce Lex.
He also appealed – unsuccessfully – to the US to pardon John Brown, an abolitionist who had been sentenced to death in Virginia on charges of treason, murder and conspiracy to incite a slave insurrection. Hugo appeared to be an early supporter of Black Lives Matter.
Hugo’s brother-in-law, Paul Chenay, made print reproductions of his earlier Ecce drawings, which were published with a new title, John Brown, and circulated in protest at Brown’s execution.
In a letter to Chenay in 1861, Hugo said: “John Brown is a hero and a martyr. His death was a crime. His gallows is a cross. Let us therefore once again draw the attention of all to the lessons of the gallows of Charlestown. My drawing, which through your fine talent has been reproduced with striking fidelity, has no other value than this name: John Brown – a name that must be repeated unceasingly, to the supporters of the American republic, so that it reminds them of their duty to the slaves: to call them forth to freedom. I shake your hand.”
When Hugo died in 1885, aged 83, over two million people lined the streets of Paris to see his funeral procession. But many of Hugo’s admirers wouldn’t have been aware of his private love of drawing.
Incidentally, the Royal Academy last week announced that Simon Wallis, currently the director of The Hepworth Wakefield, will take over in September as its new secretary and chief executive. In his earlier career, he held curatorial positions at Kettle’s Yard, Cambridge, and Tate Liverpool. He was the director of Chisenhale Gallery, London.
Wallis, who succeeds Axel Rüger, said: “The Royal Academy of Arts is at a pivotal moment of development and positive change. The RA is the central London home for artists, art and art lovers, generating powerful experiences and innovative teaching about art in a rapidly changing society. As the UK’s oldest and foremost artist-led organisation, the extraordinary talent and vision of the Royal Academicians and their team lead the creative conversation on a national and international stage.”
Now that Hugo has been featured at the Royal Academy, maybe Tagore, too, will merit an exhibition one day under Wallis’s leadership.
The Royal Academy won the ACTA for community engagement last year. It was collected by Tarsia.
In Astonishing Things: The Drawings of Victor Hugo, at the Jillian and Arthur M Sackler Wing of Galleries at the Royal Academy, ends on June 29.
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The Ancient India: Living traditions exhibition at the British Museum
The British Museum’s Ancient India: Living Traditions is among the most significant displays for Hindus, Jains, and Buddhists living in the UK.
Eastern Eye was given a tour of the exhibition by its curator, Dr Sushma Jansari, the Tabor Foundation curator of South Asia at the British Museum, and Kajal Meghani, the project curator, who has completed a PhD on the contributions of South Asian collectors to the museum.
A seated Jain enlightened teacherAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
Highlights in the exhibition include: Ardhanarishvara, “lord who is half woman” – Shiva and Parvati combined in one deity – dated about 1790–1810; the Bimaran casket, about 1st century; Gaja-Lakshmi (“Elephant Lakshmi”), goddess of good fortune, about 1780; Ganesha made in Java from volcanic stone, about AD 1000–1200; the head of a grimacing yaksha, about second or third century; Naga, about 17th century; a sandstone figure of Ganesha from Uttar Pradesh, about AD 750; a seated Jain enlightened teacher in meditation, about AD 1150–1200; and a silk watercolour painting of the Buddha from China, about AD 701–750.
Ganesha from JavaAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
Jansari said one of the aims of the exhibition was to connect the figures with visitors, especially practitioners of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism in the UK.
She said: “Most of them don’t know a great deal about Indian religions, so (this is) just to say that these might be ancient images, but they are and have always been under veneration. People do venerate them. This isn’t all about just one religious tradition. It’s about three of the indigenous religions of the subcontinent. You’ve got the Buddha, Ganesh and a Jain enlightened teacher (in close proximity).
A Chinese silk painting depicting the BuddhaAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
“It was important for me, as a member of the South Asian diaspora, that I didn’t want to split up these traditions. I wanted very much to look at our collections and ask, what are the commonalities between Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism.
“What are their artistic origins? Just as we live alongside each other, it was the same in the ancient past. It was even more fluid because you didn’t subscribe to just one particular religion. You would venerate at different shrines. You’d subscribe to different aspects of these different religions.”
ArdhanarishvaraAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
She stopped at one point: “We wanted you to feel the atmosphere of ancient India. We’re in early India, maybe about the second century BCE. Most of the population live in the countryside. There are obviously some amazing cities as well, but we’re looking at the countryside.
Head of a grimacing yakshaAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
You’re living in an agrarian society. The failure of your crops means famine, and the success of your crops means you are likely to survive another year with your family, and you will prosper. And we’re just trying to evoke that.”
In Indian mythology, a yaksha is a class of supernatural beings, often nature spirits or deities, that can be benevolent, mischievous, or even malevolent. They are frequently associated with water, fertility, trees, the forest, treasure, and wilderness. Yakshas are often depicted as guardians of places or treasures and can be found in Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist texts, as well as in temples throughout South and Southeast Asia.
“You can hear the sounds of nature,” continued Jansari. “Maybe you’re walking through a dappled forest, and then you encounter the yakshas, the yakshis and the (snake gods) nagas and the naginis. And these are some of the earliest images of deities in the subcontinent, shaped in human form, which is incredibly important, but it doesn’t mean that they’re consigned to the past. This is not ancient and long gone, like an exhibition of beautiful Greek or Roman art, but those deities are no longer under active worship. These have a long continuous life.”
NagaAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
The yakshas and the yakshis were “not all lovely, happy figures,” said Jansari. “Actually, they need to be placated. You’ve got these grimacing yakshas here, and they’re clutching sacrificial animals.”
She pointed out a figure of “a voluptuous woman draped in jewellery. There’s lots of floral imagery. You are thinking about fecundity and plenty. But then you look a bit more closely at her hair, there are weapons emanating out. These are powerful, independent goddesses with a martial quality.”
The Bimaran casketAshmolean Museum, University of Oxford
Jansari spoke about snakes and why in many societies in India, particularly in rural parts, they tend not to be killed.
She explained: “The nagas and the naginis were independent, really powerful gods. And in a society where the monsoon is incredibly important for the success or failure of your crops, the snakes are vital. You’ve got lovely plenty of water, which means your crops are growing, which means there are more rodents and frogs. So having lots of snakes around is a really healthy sign. They were venerated. They were not killed. It was considered very bad karma to kill a snake. And even now, you still don’t kill snakes. Within nature spirits, it’s not only yakshas and yakshis and nagas and naginis it’s also animal-headed deities.” She talked about the genesis of the exhibition: “I really wanted to show the connections between this ancient religious art and nature, but also the religions themselves. There are so many similarities. There are also key differences. I wanted to make sure that this exhibition is not seen as ancient objects from abroad which have no meaning or purpose here in the UK. They absolutely do for large portions of our society. This is very much part of British culture. That’s how Belgrave Road (in Leicester) happens.”
Meghani looked at “how these faiths and the practices travelled, not just from India to the UK, but there is this weaving through East Africa and other places, and how these traditions change and are adapted to these spaces, how it allows people to maintain a sense of connection with their families and also their faith.”
The curators had consulted places of worship in the UK. They included the Buddhapadipa temple in Wimbledon, the BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in Neasden in north London, as well as the Oshwal Association of the UK in Potter’s Bar in Hertfordshire.
Meghani said: “This is one of the films we created with a community partner in Potter’s bar. Manjula Shah, who volunteers at Potter’s Bar, wakes up at the crack of dawn to get to the temple for 7 am. She’s preparing sandalwood paste, and she’ll use that in the ceremony.
“And we wanted to include sites in the UK to show how South Asians are still carrying on their veneration practices within Britain today.
” In Ancient India: Living traditions is at the British Museum until October 19, 2025.
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Sons of the late, legendary Ustad Bahauddin Khan Qawwal
At a time when the spiritual essence of Sufi music is often diluted by commercial reinvention, Najmuddin Saifuddin & Brothers Qawwali Group stand tall as torchbearers of an unbroken tradition stretching back more than 700 years.
Sons of the late, legendary Ustad Bahauddin Khan Qawwal, the five brothers continue a sacred musical lineage dating back to the 13th century and the disciples of the genre’s founding figure, Hazrat Amir Khusro.
As they bring their stirring performances to audiences across the UK, the group shares stories from their journey, memories of landmark concerts, and the profound responsibility of carrying forward a legacy rooted in devotion, discipline and divine inspiration. The brilliant brothers – Muhammad Najmuddin, Saifuddin Mehmood, Zafeeruddin Ahmed, Mughisuddin Hasan and Ehtishamuddin Husain – also reflect on their inspirations and the best advice given to them by their legendary father.
How do you reflect on your journey as a group?
We have been on a meaningful journey since childhood, dedicated to presenting traditional qawwali to the world. But this journey began long before us – our family’s connection to qawwali dates back to Hazrat Amir Khusro’s time in the 13th century. Our ancestor was part of the very first qawwali group. So, this is a spiritual journey that has continued across generations, and it lives on through our current UK tour.
What has been your most memorable moment?
We have many wonderful memories – one was performing at Millennium Park in 2013, during the Chicago World Music Festival, where nearly 12,000 people sang along with us. In 2012, on the USA Worldfest tour, we had 1,500 school students singing qawwalis with us. On that same tour, we also performed at the triennial Jewish-Christian-Muslim interfaith dialogue.
Which other moments stand out?
In 2011, we performed at the inauguration of the Islamic Block of Metropolitan Museum in the US. A special highlight was collaborating with the Moroccan group Hassan Hakmoun Ensemble to present a kalam that merged qawwali with Gnawa – a form of African devotional music. In 2002, during a tour of Iran, we performed to an audience of 8,000, who all sang Persian kalaams with us. Honestly, every time we step on stage, it feels special.
How important is live performance to you personally?
We absolutely love performing live. The audience response energises us and adds momentum to our performance. That shared connection is what motivates us to give every show our all and create something unforgettable.
How much do you enjoy touring the UK and performing here?
We always enjoy performing in the UK. After Pakistan and India, the UK has the greatest appreciation for traditional qawwali and music with classical roots. Audiences here are excellent listeners who understand and value authentic qawwali. We hope to see everyone during our current tour, which is being organised by Jay Visvadeva of Sama Arts Network.
What can audiences expect from your shows?
As always, we will give our best kalaams and strive for perfection so UK audiences can experience traditional qawwali in its purest, most powerful form – deeply rooted in ancient tradition.
How do you generate so much power on stage?
Our uniqueness lies in our collective strength – we have always performed as a group rather than relying on a frontman. While many groups have just one or two lead singers, we have five. Audiences appreciate that and are often amazed that each member plays an essential role in the performance. That is why our shows are so dynamic and full of energy.
Them performing liveNajmuddin Saifuddin Qawwal Group
Tell us about the documentary you have made.
The documentary, produced by Kamran Anwar and Professor Katherine Schofield, traces the emergence, history and evolution of qawwali. It goes right back to the disciples of Hazrat Amir Khusro, who is recognised as the first qawwal in history. We are proud to say our ancestor was part of that original group.
How important is it to carry forward a legacy that stretches back centuries?
We are descendants of the leader of the first Qawwal Bachchay group. Ours is a continuous legacy spanning 25 generations, and we will continue to carry it forward. It is both our honour and our responsibility to preserve and pass on this tradition.
What do you most admire about your father, Ustad Bahauddin Khan Qawwal?
He was a true legend of the Khusro tradition. He believed in achieving perfection in every aspect of his work, art, and performance. He taught us every element of this tradition and was generous in sharing his knowledge, not just with us but with anyone who came to him. That is why his legacy extends far beyond the family.
What was the greatest lesson he taught you in your journey?
He always said, “Remain a disciple – never believe you are a teacher.” Being a disciple means you stay open to learning, remain inspired, and keep striving for perfection. The moment you think of yourself as a master, you stop growing, and others start questioning you.
What inspires you as a group?
We are inspired by simplicity, purity and excellence in performance. Our father never stopped striving for more, even though he was revered worldwide. He remained rooted in the Khusro tradition, and that focus continues to guide us. Our audiences also inspire us – whether we are performing for a few or for thousands, the energy they give back fuels us.
Why do you think Sufi music remains timeless and beloved?
Because it originates from the soul and speaks to the spirit. It brings calm, stillness and a sense of divine connection. Sufi music carries a universal message of love, humanity, equality, humility, peace and unity – all beautifully expressed through hypnotic rhythms and heartfelt vocals.
Why should people come to your upcoming UK shows?
Because the kind of qawwali we present is rare. It is not the inauthentic, Bollywood-style version that dilutes the genre. What we offer is real qawwali – in its purest form – and something you will not hear from any other group.
Najmuddin Saifuddin Qawwal Group are touring the UK until late July. Visit sama. co.uk for dates and ticket information.
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The image shows a stencilled lighthouse on a plain beige wall
A new artwork by Banksy has been unveiled on the artist’s official Instagram account, but the exact location of the piece remains undisclosed.
The image shows a stencilled lighthouse on a plain beige wall, accompanied by the phrase: “I want to be what you saw in me.” The piece features a cleverly drawn false shadow from a nearby bollard, creating the visual effect that the lighthouse is formed by the silhouette of the street furniture.
Despite the post, Banksy has not provided any indication of where the artwork is located. A second photograph shared on Instagram shows two people walking dogs near the piece, though it does not offer significant clues about the setting.
Speculation online has suggested that the street could be somewhere in Marseille, France, but this has not been confirmed. Another version of the image circulating online shows a blurred figure on a scooter passing the wall, which also features a tag that reads "Yaze". The same name is used by Canadian graffiti artist Marco The Polo, who has referred to Banksy as a source of inspiration.
Banksy, who has maintained anonymity throughout his career, typically confirms the authenticity of his work via his verified Instagram account. Many of his previous artworks have tackled political and social themes, including immigration, conflict, and homelessness.
In December 2024, Banksy posted another piece showing a Madonna and child, incorporating a wall fixture that resembled a bullet wound in the figure’s chest. Last summer, he also released a series featuring animals across different locations in London, though their meaning was not explicitly stated.
The new lighthouse piece has sparked widespread interest, but until its physical location is confirmed, it remains one of Banksy’s more mysterious contributions.