Britain's economy has grown at the fastest pace in nearly two years as strong exports and solid household spending offset slumping business investment, data showed Friday (9) awaiting a Brexit deal.
Gross domestic product climbed by 0.6 per cent in the third quarter, in line with analysts' expectations and up on growth of 0.4 per cent in the second quarter, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) said in an initial estimate.
At 0.6 per cent growth for July-September, GDP was the strongest reading since the fourth quarter of 2016.
Analyst meanwhile expect the economy to cool ahead of Britain's departure from the European Union in March, starting with the current fourth quarter.
"It seems unlikely that the economy will be able to keep up this pace with Brexit uncertainty hanging over it," noted Thomas Pugh, UK economist at Capital Economics research group.
The ONS said the third quarter growth was driven by an expansion of 0.3 per cent in July, "which stemmed from strong retail sales boosted by warm weather and the World Cup, as well as a low base reflecting the weaker start to the year".
It added, "the recent subdued business investment environment is consistent with external surveys of investment intentions, which attribute much of the weakness to Brexit-related economic and political uncertainty."
Business investment slid 1.2 per cent in the third quarter, while exports jumped 2.7 per cent and household spending increased 0.5 per cent.
"The export growth... reflects an increase in both goods and services exports, with goods exports to non-EU countries growing more robustly than to the EU," the ONS noted.
Brakes On Growth
Britain could be about to finally seal an all-important deal to smooth its departure from the European Union, although reports this week of an imminent announcement have cooled somewhat heading into the weekend.
And despite stronger growth for the UK economy in the third quarter overall, the Bank of England last week trimmed its own GDP forecasts as Brexit approaches.
The BoE predicted that Britain's economy would grow by 1.7 per cent in 2019, down from a forecast of 1.8 per cent.
The new estimate is based on the assumption of a smooth transition period, but there is unease on markets about a chaotic no-deal Brexit.
And before then, "growth in the fourth quarter is expected to be limited by more restrained consumer spending..., while business investment is expected to be curbed by heightened Brexit uncertainties", Howard Archer, chief economic advisor to the EY ITEM Club, said Friday following the latest data.
The GDP update came as British Prime Minister Theresa May drew the fury of her crucial Northern Irish allies after seemingly accepting an EU-backed Brexit solution they fervently oppose.
At issue is the vexing problem of how to avoid border checks between Northern Ireland, a UK province, and the eurozone-member Republic of Ireland.
Shein’s UK sales hit £2.05bn in 2024, up 32.3 per cent year-on-year, driven by younger shoppers.
The retailer benefits from import tax loopholes unavailable to high street rivals.
Faces mounting criticism over labour practices and sustainability as it eyes a London listing.
Tax edge drives growth
Chinese fashion giant Shein is transforming Britain’s online clothing market, capturing a third of women aged 16 to 24 while benefiting from tax breaks unavailable to high street rivals.
The fast-fashion retailer’s UK sales surged 32.3 per cent to £2.05bn in 2024, according to company filings, with pre-tax profits rising to £38.3m from £24.4m the previous year. The growth comes as established players like Asos struggle in an increasingly competitive landscape where young consumers prioritise value above all else.
Shein has partly benefited from a tax break on import duty for goods worth less than £135 sent directly to consumers, The rule lets overseas sellers send low-value goods to the UK tax-free, disadvantaging local businesses.
“The growth of Shein and Temu is a huge factor,” said Tamara Sender Ceron, associate director of fashion retail research at Mintel told The Guardian. “It is particularly successful among younger shoppers. It is also a threat to other fashion retailers such as Primark and H&M because of its ultra-low price model that nobody can compete with. It’s changed the market.
"The market dynamics reflect broader shifts in consumer behaviour. Online fashion sales reached £34bn last year, up 3 per cent, according to Mintel, but shoppers have become more cautious as disposable incomes shrink, and fashion competes with holidays, festivals, and streaming services for wallet share.
Scrutiny builds
Despite its commercial success, Shein faces mounting scrutiny. The company filed initial paperwork last June for a potential London Stock Exchange listing, but critics question its labour practices and environmental impact.
"Regardless of whether Shein gets listed on the London Stock Exchange, no company doing business in the UK should be allowed to play fast and loose with human rights anywhere in their global supply chains,” said Peter Frankental, economic affairs programme director at Amnesty International UK to BBC.
The “de minimis” rule has drawn renewed attention after US President Donald Trump scrapped a similar measure during his trade war with China.
Shein’s UK operation now employs 91 people across offices in Kings Cross and Manchester, focusing primarily on local market expertise.
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