Prime minister Theresa May’s government has no idea what to do about Brexit and Britain risks sowing serious political and economic uncertainty unless it makes its policy clear soon, a senior British lawmaker said.
The June 23 vote took many investors and chief executives by surprise, triggering the deepest political and financial turmoil in Britain since the Second World War and the biggest ever one-day fall in sterling against the dollar.
Britain’s allies fear that its exit from the EU could mark a turning point in post-Cold War international affairs that will weaken the West in relation to China and Russia, undermine efforts towards European integration and hurt global free trade.
“Nobody in the government has the first idea of what they’re going to do next on the Brexit front,” Conservative lawmaker Kenneth Clarke, 76, a former British finance minister, told The New Statesman magazine.
“Serious uncertainty in your trading and political relationships with the rest of the world is dangerous if you allow it to persist,” he was quoted as saying.
May has said she will not trigger the formal EU divorce this year and will get a good deal for Britain, though elections next year in France and Germany could complicate negotiations on an exit deal.
She has repeatedly said “Brexit means Brexit” and that the government is working out its negotiating position while it prepares to trigger the formal EU divorce.
“Theresa May has had the misfortune of taking over at the most impossible time,” Clarke was quoted as saying. “Nobody has the foggiest notion of what they want us to do.”
Clarke, who was this year caught on camera saying that May was a “bloody difficult woman”, said she faced a difficult problem in trying to get three major Brexit supporters in her cabinet to agree on a policy.
He said May would find it difficult to get foreign secretary Boris Johnson, Brexit minister David Davis and trade secretary Liam Fox to agree on a Brexit policy.
Clarke, who is pro-EU membership, said Brexit would do serious damage to Britain, that eventually parliament would have to debate the issue and that former prime minister David Cameron made a “catastrophic decision” by calling the EU referendum.
“He will go down in history as the man who made the mistake of taking us out of the European Union ...,” Clarke said. “I think it’s going to do serious damage.”
Shein’s UK sales hit £2.05bn in 2024, up 32.3 per cent year-on-year, driven by younger shoppers.
The retailer benefits from import tax loopholes unavailable to high street rivals.
Faces mounting criticism over labour practices and sustainability as it eyes a London listing.
Tax edge drives growth
Chinese fashion giant Shein is transforming Britain’s online clothing market, capturing a third of women aged 16 to 24 while benefiting from tax breaks unavailable to high street rivals.
The fast-fashion retailer’s UK sales surged 32.3 per cent to £2.05bn in 2024, according to company filings, with pre-tax profits rising to £38.3m from £24.4m the previous year. The growth comes as established players like Asos struggle in an increasingly competitive landscape where young consumers prioritise value above all else.
Shein has partly benefited from a tax break on import duty for goods worth less than £135 sent directly to consumers, The rule lets overseas sellers send low-value goods to the UK tax-free, disadvantaging local businesses.
“The growth of Shein and Temu is a huge factor,” said Tamara Sender Ceron, associate director of fashion retail research at Mintel told The Guardian. “It is particularly successful among younger shoppers. It is also a threat to other fashion retailers such as Primark and H&M because of its ultra-low price model that nobody can compete with. It’s changed the market.
"The market dynamics reflect broader shifts in consumer behaviour. Online fashion sales reached £34bn last year, up 3 per cent, according to Mintel, but shoppers have become more cautious as disposable incomes shrink, and fashion competes with holidays, festivals, and streaming services for wallet share.
Scrutiny builds
Despite its commercial success, Shein faces mounting scrutiny. The company filed initial paperwork last June for a potential London Stock Exchange listing, but critics question its labour practices and environmental impact.
"Regardless of whether Shein gets listed on the London Stock Exchange, no company doing business in the UK should be allowed to play fast and loose with human rights anywhere in their global supply chains,” said Peter Frankental, economic affairs programme director at Amnesty International UK to BBC.
The “de minimis” rule has drawn renewed attention after US President Donald Trump scrapped a similar measure during his trade war with China.
Shein’s UK operation now employs 91 people across offices in Kings Cross and Manchester, focusing primarily on local market expertise.
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