Ten-month-old Bangladeshi Siamese twins were recovering in hospital Wednesday (2) after what surgeons hailed as the country's "groundbreaking" first successful separation operation on conjoined siblings.
Sisters Tofa and Tahura, who were born conjoined at the spine and rectum, underwent a grueling nine hours in surgery under the care of two dozen doctors.
"It is the first time we have successfully separated critically conjoined twins in Bangladesh," paediatric surgeon Abdul Hanif of Dhaka Medical College Hospital said.
"It's a groundbreaking operation in our medical history," Hanif said, adding that it had been "extremely complex".
Almost all Bangladeshi conjoined twins fail to survive their infant years, the surgeon said.
Last year, twin boys, who were joined at the torso and had been abandoned by their parents at the same hospital, died due to severe infections and complications.
Tofa and Tahura will need at least two further operations to restructure their internal organs, Hanif added.
The surgery had been "100 per cent successful" but the twins would remain in intensive care for at least a week to ensure no infections developed, said surgery coordinator Shahnoor Islam.
Born to poor farmers, the sisters - who do not use a surname - were brought to Dhaka a month ago from northern Gaibandha district, 260 kilometres (160 miles) from the capital.
Their mother, Shahida Begum, said how happy she was as the doctors had let her breast-feed the girls following the surgery.
"I held my daughters to feed them. They were responding very spontaneously," the mother of three said.
"My five-year-old son is very excited knowing he might now be able to play with his sisters. He cried to go inside the intensive care unit to see them but the doctors won't allow him," she said, adding that there are still fears of infections.
The surgeons said the next few days would be critical for the twins as the surgical wounds need to heal and the babies need more procedures to be able to live independently.
Their parents almost gave up hope of separating the twins after local doctors told them there were no experts in Bangladesh who could do it and surgery in other countries would cost too much.
"We went to local clinics but nobody could provide any solution. We went to the district civil surgeon who advised us to go to Dhaka. He paid for the trip and even rented an ambulance for us," Begum said.
The hospital paid the cost of the operation.
Begum has vowed to send her daughters to Islamic seminaries if they grew up healthy.
"I didn't go to school as I got married early. But I want them to learn Islam and be very good human beings," she said.
Another pair of Bangladeshi twins joined at the skull are awaiting their turn in Dhaka.
Doctors are consulting experts from across the globe as they prepare for the next operation.
They are trying to establish whether the one-year-old girls - who are otherwise healthy - share the same brain, something that would vastly complicate the surgery.
Conjoined twins are rare. About half are stillborn, and the survival rate is between five and 25 per cent.
In November 2015, conjoined twin girls born with two heads and two hearts and a single body attracted crowds of thousands, but they died when they were just a week old.
