India will not give Pakistan water from rivers it has rights over: Modi
New Delhi accused Pakistan of backing the attack. Islamabad denied the accusation. The two countries saw their worst military exchanges in nearly 30 years before agreeing to a ceasefire on May 10.
'Pakistan will have to pay a heavy price for every terrorist attack ... Pakistan's army will pay it, Pakistan's economy will pay it,' Modi said at a public event in Rajasthan, a state bordering Pakistan. (Photo: Getty Images)
INDIA will not provide Pakistan with water from rivers over which it has rights, prime minister Narendra Modi said on Thursday. His comments come a month after a deadly attack in Indian-administered Kashmir, following which New Delhi suspended a key river water-sharing treaty with Pakistan.
India had suspended the Indus Waters Treaty, brokered by the World Bank in 1960, as part of several measures taken after the April 22 attack that killed 26 people, mostly Hindu tourists.
New Delhi accused Pakistan of backing the attack. Islamabad denied the accusation. The two countries saw their worst military exchanges in nearly 30 years before agreeing to a ceasefire on May 10.
"Pakistan will have to pay a heavy price for every terrorist attack ... Pakistan's army will pay it, Pakistan's economy will pay it," Modi said at a public event in Rajasthan, a state bordering Pakistan.
The Indus Waters Treaty allows Pakistan to use water from three rivers that flow from India and supports about 80% of its farms. Pakistan’s finance minister said earlier this month that the suspension of the treaty would not have "any immediate impact".
The ceasefire has largely held. Indian foreign minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar said there is no exchange of fire and "there has been some repositioning of forces accordingly".
"The (military) operation continues because there is a clear message... that if there are acts of the kind we saw on April 22, there will be a response, we will hit the terrorists," Jaishankar told Dutch outlet NOS.
"If the terrorists are in Pakistan, we will hit them where they are," he added.
Pakistan has not yet responded to the latest remarks by Modi and Jaishankar.
New Delhi blames Pakistan for supporting Islamist separatists fighting security forces in Indian-administered Kashmir. Pakistan denies the allegation.
Since the April 22 attack, both countries have taken steps such as suspending trade, closing land borders, and stopping most visa services.
THE LATEST UK migration statistics show a significant number of Indian students and workers leaving the country over the past year, as tougher visa and immigration rules come into effect.
Figures released on Thursday by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) show that in 2024, around 37,000 Indians who arrived on study visas, 18,000 who came for work, and 3,000 who entered for other reasons, left the UK. This was part of a broader emigration trend led by Indian nationals, followed by Chinese nationals at 45,000.
Other major nationalities leaving the UK included Nigerians (16,000), Pakistanis (12,000) and Americans (8,000). The overall result was a fall in net migration by 431,000 last year – nearly half of what it was the year before.
“Among people emigrating, Indian was the most common nationality,” reads the ONS analysis, based on UK Home Office data.
“Study-related emigration was the most common reason for the five most frequent non-EU (European Union) nationalities to emigrate in YE (year-ending) December 2024. The increase in long-term emigration of non-EU+ nationals who originally arrived on study-related visas is primarily being driven by the large numbers of Indian and Chinese nationals leaving in YE December 2024,” it notes.
Mary Gregory, director of population statistics at the ONS, said the fall was mainly due to fewer people coming to the UK to work or study, especially student dependants.
“There has also been an increase in emigration over the 12 months to December 2024, especially people leaving who originally came on study visas once pandemic travel restrictions to the UK were eased,” she said.
The UK government welcomed the drop in net migration, an issue that has drawn attention amid political pressure and the recent rise of the anti-immigration Reform party.
“Under the Tories net migration reached nearly 1 million – roughly the size of the population of Birmingham. I know you are angry about this, and I promised you I would change it,” prime minister Keir Starmer said in a social media statement.
“Today's stats show we have nearly halved net migration in the last year. We're taking back control,” he said.
Experts say the drop is the biggest for any 12-month period on record and the most significant annual fall in net migration since the early days of the Covid pandemic.
“These figures show a big increase in returns of failed asylum seekers and foreign national offenders, record levels of illegal working penalties, and the asylum backlog and hotel use coming down,” said home secretary Yvette Cooper.
Long-term immigration to the UK dropped below 1 million for the first time in around three years. It was estimated at 948,000 in the year ending December 2024, down from 1,326,000 the year before.
At the same time, emigration rose by about 11 per cent to 517,000, up from 466,000 in the previous year.
Former home secretary James Cleverly, who served under the Conservative government led by Rishi Sunak, said the drop in net migration was due to policies he had introduced.
“This drop is because of the visa rule changes that I put in place,” he said.
General James Hockenhull (L), Keir Starmer and defence secretary John Healey (R), attend a press conference following a deal on the Chagos Islands at Northwood Military Headquarters on May 22, 2025, in London. (Photo: Getty Images)
PRIME MINISTER Keir Starmer announced on Thursday that an agreement had been signed to return the Chagos Islands to Mauritius while allowing continued UK-US military use of Diego Garcia. The deal was signed after a high court judge cleared it to proceed following a legal challenge.
"A few moments ago, I signed a deal to secure the joint UK-US base on Diego Garcia," Starmer said.
The agreement, backed by the US, was described by Starmer as "the only way" to maintain control of the military base on the archipelago's largest island. Britain will pay Mauritius £101 million annually for 99 years to lease the facility, he said.
"There's no alternative but to act in Britain's national interest by agreeing to this deal," he added. Including inflation, the total cost of the lease is expected to be about £3.4 billion.
Starmer said the UK's key allies supported the move. US secretary of state Marco Rubio said in a statement that Washington "welcomes the historic agreement".
Mauritian prime minister Navin Ramgoolam called the deal a "great victory" and said it completed "the process of decolonisation of Mauritius, which began in 1968".
However, the UK’s opposition Conservative party criticised the move, accusing Starmer of having "given away" British territory.
The deal had been delayed earlier in the day after two Chagossian women, Bertrice Pompe and Bernadette Dugasse, secured a temporary injunction in a pre-dawn court hearing. The signing was initially scheduled for 9:00 am (0800 GMT) but was paused.
The government challenged the injunction, stating the deal would need to be signed by 1:00 pm with court approval. Judge Martin Chamberlain lifted the ban shortly after 12:30 pm, saying there was a "very strong case" that delaying the deal would harm the UK’s national and public interest.
Starmer said Britain had no guarantee of maintaining the base without an agreement, as legal rulings had cast doubt on UK sovereignty over the islands. He said the deal would prevent other nations, including China, from establishing bases or conducting joint exercises near Diego Garcia.
Outside the court, Pompe said it was a "very, very sad day". "We don't want to hand our rights over to Mauritius. We are not Mauritians," she said.
The Chagos Islands remained under British control after Mauritius gained independence in the 1960s. Thousands of islanders were removed, with many seeking compensation through UK courts.
Pompe, a British national born on the Chagos Islands, said she had been "forcibly removed from the Chagos Islands by the British authorities between 1967 and 1973". She said many others were left in poverty in Mauritius and faced long-term discrimination.
She added that the new agreement could "jeopardise" her current limited rights to visit the islands, including visits to family graves.
The Diego Garcia base, leased to the US, is a key military asset in the Asia-Pacific and has supported operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. The Ministry of Defence said a 24-nautical mile buffer zone will be enforced, where no construction or placement of material can happen without UK consent.
Defence secretary John Healey told parliament that MPs would be allowed to scrutinise the deal before its ratification.
In 2019, the International Court of Justice advised that the UK should hand the Chagos Islands over to Mauritius, following decades of legal disputes.
India welcomes UK's decision
India on Thursday welcomed the UK's decision to hand over the sovereignty of Chagos Islands including tropical atoll of Diego Garcia to Mauritius.
In its reaction, India said it has consistently supported Mauritius's "legitimate claim" over the Chagos Archipelago in keeping with its principled position on "decolonisation, respect for sovereignty, and the territorial integrity of nations".
We welcome the signing of the treaty between the UK and Mauritius on the return of Mauritian sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago, including Diego Garcia, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) said.
(With inputs from agencies)
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Salal Dam on the Chenab, the first hydropower project under the Indus Water Treaty
INDIA is considering plans to dramatically increase the amount of water it draws from a major river that feeds Pakistani farms downstream, as part of retaliatory action for the deadly April attack on tourists that New Delhi blames on Islamabad, according to four people familiar with the matter.
Delhi “put in abeyance” its participation in the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, which governs the use of the Indus river system, shortly after 26 civilians were killed in Indian Kashmir in what India described as an act of terror. Pakistan has denied any involvement, but the accord has not been revived, despite both countries agreeing to a ceasefire last week.
After suspending India’s participation in the treaty, India’s prime minister Narendra Modi ordered officials to expedite planning and execution of projects on the Chenab, Jhelum and Indus rivers, three bodies of water in the Indus system that are designated primarily for Pakistan’s use, six people told Reuters.
One of the key plans under discussion involves doubling the length of the Ranbir canal on the Chenab to 120 km, according to two of the sources. The canal, which runs through India to Pakistan’s agricultural heartland of Punjab, was built in the 19th century, long before the treaty was signed.
India is permitted to draw a limited amount of water from the Chenab for irrigation, but an expanded canal – which experts said could take years to construct – would allow it to divert 150 cubic meters of water per second, up from about 40 cubic meters currently, the four people said, citing official discussions and documents they had seen.
Details of the Indian government’s deliberations on expanding Ranbir have not previously been reported. The discussions started last month and continue even after the ceasefire, one of the people said.
The Indian ministries responsible for water and foreign affairs, as well as Modi’s office, did not respond to Reuters’ questions. Indian hydropower giant NHPC, which operates many projects in the Indus system, also did not respond to an email seeking comment.
Modi said in a fiery speech this week that “water and blood cannot flow together,” though he didn’t refer to the treaty. Water minister CR Paatil told a media event last Friday (16) that his ministry would “implement what prime minister Modi says” and “try to ensure that not a drop of water goes out.”
The water and foreign ministries of Pakistan did not respond to requests for comment. Foreign minister Ishaq Dar told lawmakers last week that the government had written to India arguing that suspending the treaty was unlawful and that Islamabad regarded it as remaining in force.
A dry stretch of the Indus River in Pakistan’s Jamshoro and Kotri districts earlier this month
Islamabad said after India suspended the treaty in April that it considered “any attempt to stop or divert the flow of water belonging to Pakistan” to be an “act of war.” About 80 per cent of Pakistani farms depend on the Indus system, as do nearly all hydropower projects serving the country of some 250 million.
Any efforts by Delhi to build dams, canals or other infrastructure that would withhold or divert significant amount of flow from the Indus system to India “would take years to realize,” said water security expert David Michel of the Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies.
International relations expert Happymon Jacob at Delhi’s Jawaharlal Nehru University said that India’s new focus on the Indus Waters Treaty reflected an attempt to pressure Pakistan over Kashmir.
“With the latest conflict, Delhi may refuse to discuss Kashmir with Pakistan in any format,” he said. “Delhi has not only progressively narrowed the scope of bilateral talks but has also curtailed the agenda, focusing only on specific issues like the IWT.”
Pakistan said it is preparing legal action in several international forums, including the World Bank, which facilitated the treaty, as well as the Permanent Court of Arbitration or the International Court of Justice in the Hague.
“Water should not be weaponised,” Pakistan’s finance minister Muhammad Aurangzeb told Reuters on Monday. “We don’t even want to consider any scenario which... does not take into account the reinstatement of this treaty.”
The Indus system runs through some of the world’s most geopolitically tense areas, originating near Lake Mansarovar in Tibet and snaking through India’s north and Pakistan’s east and southeast, before emptying into the Arabian Sea.
The treaty is widely seen as one of the world’s most successful water-sharing accords, having survived several major wars and longstanding tensions between India and Pakistan.
Islamabad has previously opposed many Indian projects in the Indus system, while Delhi said after the Kashmir attack that it had been trying to renegotiate the treaty since 2023 to account for population increases and its rising need for clean hydroenergy.
The treaty restricts India largely to setting up low-impact hydropower projects on the three rivers allocated to Pakistan. Delhi has freedom to utilise the waters of three other rivers – the Sutlej, Beas and Ravi tributaries – as it sees fit.
Delhi has also created a list of hydropower projects in its Jammu and Kashmir territory that it hopes will expand capacity to 12,000 megawatts, up from the current 3,360 MW.
The list, which was created by the power ministry and seen by Reuters, was not dated. A person familiar with the document said it was created before the Kashmir incident but is actively being discussed by government officials.
The prospective projects also include dams that can store large volumes of water, in what would be a first for India in the Indus river system, according to two people familiar with the matter. India has identified at least five possible storage projects, four of which are on tributaries of the Chenab and Jhelum, according to the power ministry document. (Reuters)
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British Chagossians demonstrate in Westminster asking for the right to determine their own future on October 07, 2024.
THE UK government has been temporarily stopped from finalising a deal with Mauritius over the Chagos Islands, after a High Court judge granted an injunction on Thursday.
The injunction prevents Britain from going ahead with an agreement that would transfer sovereignty of the Chagos Islands to Mauritius, while allowing the UK to keep control of the Diego Garcia military base in the Indian Ocean.
The proposed deal, which was first announced in October, includes a 99-year lease for the UK to retain the base on Diego Garcia, the largest island in the Chagos archipelago.
The injunction was issued after legal action brought by Bernadette Dugasse and Bertrice Pompe, both British nationals born on Diego Garcia.
The Telegraph reported that prime minister Keir Starmer had been expected to attend a virtual signing ceremony with officials from the Mauritian government.
In 1965, Britain separated the Chagos Islands from Mauritius – which became independent in 1968 – to establish the British Indian Ocean Territory.
No official financial terms of the deal have been made public, though media reports have estimated the cost to Britain at 9 billion pounds.
US president Donald Trump, who took office in November, expressed his support for the agreement in February following a meeting with Starmer in Washington. Former president Joe Biden had also backed the deal.
(With inputs from agencies)
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The rise in lion numbers is being viewed as a major success for India’s conservation programme
The population of Asiatic lions in Gujarat has increased significantly, rising from 674 in 2020 to 891 in 2025, according to the latest census results announced by Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel on Wednesday.
The figures were gathered during the 16th Asiatic lion census, which was carried out over four days from 10 to 13 May across 11 districts in the state. This marks a notable rise of over 32 per cent in the number of lions over the past five years.
The large-scale survey covered an estimated 35,000 square kilometres and involved around 3,000 personnel, including regional, zonal, and sub-zonal officers, enumerators, assistant enumerators and inspectors. The team conducted a preliminary count on 10 and 11 May, followed by the final phase on 12 and 13 May.
The census was conducted across 58 talukas, including the districts of Junagadh, Gir Somnath, Bhavnagar, Rajkot, Morbi, Surendranagar, Devbhoomi Dwarka, Jamnagar, Amreli, Porbandar and Botad.
Asiatic lions, a distinct sub-species of lions, are exclusively found in Gujarat, primarily in and around the Gir National Park. The region is globally recognised as the only natural habitat of the Asiatic lion, and conservation efforts in the state have been instrumental in helping the species recover from the brink of extinction.
The rise in lion numbers is being viewed as a major success for India’s conservation programme, with authorities crediting effective wildlife management and local community involvement for the growing population.
The 2020 census had also shown an increase, with the population then having risen from 523 in 2015 to 674. With the current count at 891, Gujarat continues to be the stronghold for the world’s only wild population of Asiatic lions.