Gayathri Kallukaran is a Junior Journalist with Eastern Eye. She has a Master’s degree in Journalism and Mass Communication from St. Paul’s College, Bengaluru, and brings over five years of experience in content creation, including two years in digital journalism. She covers stories across culture, lifestyle, travel, health, and technology, with a creative yet fact-driven approach to reporting. Known for her sensitivity towards human interest narratives, Gayathri’s storytelling often aims to inform, inspire, and empower. Her journey began as a layout designer and reporter for her college’s daily newsletter, where she also contributed short films and editorial features. Since then, she has worked with platforms like FWD Media, Pepper Content, and Petrons.com, where several of her interviews and features have gained spotlight recognition. Fluent in English, Malayalam, Tamil, and Hindi, she writes in English and Malayalam, continuing to explore inclusive, people-focused storytelling in the digital space.
Glasgow-based CardioPrecision completes first clinical cases of robotic aortic valve replacement (AVR) through a small neck incision.
The procedure was carried out at Cleveland Clinic in the United States.
It uses the company’s CoreVista® Robot Enabling Platform to perform minimally invasive surgery.
The approach aims to reduce pain, shorten hospital stays, and improve patient outcomes.
Early results presented at major international conferences show clinical promise.
Glasgow medtech firm CardioPrecision has successfully performed the world’s first clinical cases of robot-assisted aortic valve replacement (AVR) using a small transcervical incision. This breakthrough could significantly reduce the need for traditional open-heart surgery.
The pioneering operations were carried out at the Cleveland Clinic in the United States, a centre globally recognised for its cardiovascular care. The procedures used CardioPrecision’s proprietary CoreVista® Robot Enabling Platform, offering a new route for accessing the heart valve via the neck rather than the chest.
Building on previous cadaver-based demonstrations of the AVATAR (Advanced Videoscopic Aortic Surgery by Transcervical Approach using Robot-assisted) concept, this marks the company’s transition from proof of concept to successful human application.
A move from concept to clinical reality
In 2023, CardioPrecision demonstrated its AVATAR technique in a series of cadaveric cases in Chicago. The procedures confirmed the feasibility of robot-assisted AVR using the CoreVista® platform. The company, spun out from the NHS with support from InnoScot Health, has since refined the technology for use in live patients.
This vision became a clinical reality in 2025, when a team led by Dr Marijan Koprivanac at Cleveland Clinic completed a small series of successful robot-assisted AVR procedures. The CoreVista® platform allowed surgeons to implant either conventional sutured or newer sutureless heart valves through a small neck incision.
Dr Koprivanac presented early data at the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and the International Society for Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery meetings in May, noting significant advantages for patients.
He stated:
“Combining the artificial heart valve with this new surgical technology means patients should experience less pain and less time in the hospital. In fact, we believe this may be one of the least invasive surgical heart valve replacement options available.”
Scotland’s role in cardiac surgery innovation
The successful clinical deployment of the CoreVista® system marks a milestone for Scotland’s life sciences sector. CardioPrecision’s long-term vision has been to enable totally endoscopic heart surgery through a neck incision — an ambition now beginning to show tangible patient benefits.
Fraser Sutherland, Chief Medical Officer of CardioPrecision, said:
“The journey to realise our vision – to enable heart surgery to be performed through a small incision in the neck – began over a decade ago. Initially developed as a totally endoscopic procedure, we incorporated robot assistance to harness the dexterity of surgical robotics.”
Chief Executive Officer Ying Sutherland added:
“We are delighted to introduce this groundbreaking procedure to the medical community. Our unwavering commitment to advancing cardiovascular care has driven us to develop this innovative product, which we believe could revolutionise the approach to cardiac surgery.”
Support from InnoScot Health
CardioPrecision was originally formed through support from InnoScot Health, which works with NHS Scotland to bring new healthcare innovations to market. The organisation continues to play a role in the company’s governance and strategic direction.
Graham Watson, Executive Chair of InnoScot Health, commented:
“We congratulate CardioPrecision on its landmark breakthrough in robotic-assisted aortic valve replacement. It represents a vital step in producing improved outcomes through minimally invasive techniques. We are proud to continue supporting its world-leading capabilities.”
Over 7,000 chikungunya cases reported in southern China, mainly Guangdong province
Virus spread rapidly after an imported case was detected in Foshan on 8 July
Authorities enforcing hospital quarantine and door-to-door inspections
Chikungunya is mosquito-borne and not transmitted person to person
CDC issues travel alert; UK yet to release guidance
A mosquito-borne virus is spreading rapidly in China, with more than 7,000 people infected across at least 13 cities in Guangdong province. Authorities are introducing containment measures reminiscent of the Covid pandemic in an effort to stop the virus’s spread—even though chikungunya cannot be transmitted between people.
The outbreak began in Foshan, north of Hong Kong, where an imported case was confirmed on 8 July. The city has since recorded nearly 3,000 cases in just one week, according to Chinese media and international reporting.
What is chikungunya?
Chikungunya is a virus transmitted by mosquitoes. It is rarely fatal but can cause high fever, rash, fatigue, nausea, and intense joint pain that may last for months or even years. The World Health Organization describes it as a “debilitating” illness due to the prolonged joint pain it can cause.
The disease was first recorded in southern Tanzania in the 1950s. The name “chikungunya” comes from the Kimakonde language and translates as “that which bends up,” describing the posture of sufferers experiencing severe pain.
How does it spread?
Chikungunya is not contagious between people. It spreads only via mosquito bites. A mosquito becomes infected by biting a person who already has the virus, and then passes it on to others through subsequent bites.
What measures are being taken in China?
In Guangdong, authorities have mandated hospital quarantine for confirmed cases, requiring patients to remain under mosquito nets until they test negative.
Additional actions include:
Door-to-door inspections to eliminate mosquito breeding grounds
Penalties, including fines or charges, for residents who refuse access
Release of mosquito-eating fish into ponds
Use of large “elephant mosquitoes” whose larvae prey on disease-carrying species
Drone surveillance and widespread pesticide spraying
In one district, five households reportedly had their electricity cut off after failing to cooperate with inspections, according to The New York Times.
Is there a vaccine?
Yes. Two vaccines are approved in the United States:
IXCHIQ – a live-attenuated vaccine for adults aged 18 and over
VIMKUNYA – a virus-like particle vaccine for people aged 12 and older
The US CDC recommends the vaccine only for people travelling to outbreak zones.
Is chikungunya present in the UK or US?
Chikungunya is not currently circulating in the UK. In the US, most cases are linked to international travel. No locally acquired infections have been reported since 2019, though travel-related cases are rising. In 2024, 199 cases were reported in the US, and 46 have been recorded so far this year.
Where is the virus most commonly found?
The CDC lists Brazil, Colombia, India, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Thailand and the Philippines as higher-risk countries. Foshan has been placed under a Level 2 travel alert, with advice to be vaccinated before travel and to take mosquito precautions such as using insect repellent and wearing long clothing.
Pregnant women are advised to avoid travelling to affected areas.
What to expect next
Infections are expected to continue rising in southern China. On Monday, Hong Kong reported its first case—a 12-year-old boy who had recently travelled from mainland China.
Health authorities globally are monitoring the situation, although the UK government has not issued any formal warning so far.
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Long-term lifestyle changes and support are essential for sustained weight loss
NICE warns that patients risk regaining weight after stopping jabs like Mounjaro and Wegovy
NHS patients should receive structured support for at least a year after treatment
Private users, who make up the majority, are not eligible for NHS follow-up
Around 240,000 NHS patients will receive Mounjaro over the next three years
Long-term lifestyle changes and support are essential for sustained weight loss
Patients using popular weight-loss jabs, including Mounjaro (tirzepatide), are being warned about the risk of regaining weight once treatment ends. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is urging health services to provide structured support and follow-up care, particularly for those accessing the drugs via the NHS.
New guidance from NICE stresses the importance of offering advice and continued monitoring to prevent weight gain after medication ends, stating that patients should not be left without support during this crucial transition period.
Mounjaro use expanding, but support gaps remain
Mounjaro, which will be offered to approximately 240,000 people via the NHS over the next three years, is part of a limited rollout targeted at those with the greatest medical need.
However, with an estimated 1.5 million people in the UK using weight-loss injections — most through private providers — the vast majority will not qualify for post-treatment support through the NHS.
NICE's new “quality standard” calls for at least one year of structured monitoring after patients stop treatment, including behavioural support and access to local or digital resources.
Focus on long-term change, not quick fixes
Professor Jonathan Benger, deputy chief executive and chief medical officer at NICE, said:
“Successful weight management doesn’t end when medication stops or when someone completes a behavioural programme. This new standard ensures continuity of care and supports the NHS shift towards prevention.”
Dr Rebecca Payne, who chairs NICE’s Quality Standards Advisory Committee, added:
“Weight management is a long-term journey. The evidence is clear that ongoing advice after treatment helps prevent weight regain and supports lasting benefits.”
She noted that some services already provide comprehensive discharge planning, but the new standard aims to make such support universal.
Healthcare leaders emphasise behavioural support
Several leading voices in healthcare welcomed the guidance. Henry Gregg, chief executive of the National Pharmacy Association, said pharmacies were ready to offer “wraparound support,” but cautioned that weight-loss jabs like Mounjaro are not a silver bullet.
He added:
“Medication can help, but sustainable weight loss depends on long-term lifestyle changes.”
Professor Kamila Hawthorne, chair of the Royal College of GPs, agreed, saying:
“There’s no one-size-fits-all approach to obesity. This is sensible guidance, but wraparound services will be essential for successful outcomes.”
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The largest outbreak, linked to pre-packaged salad leaves
E. coli infections rose by 26% in 2024, with over 2,500 cases reported in England
Outbreaks linked to supermarket salad leaves, contaminated beef and fresh fruit
Two deaths and over 120 hospitalisations reported in largest outbreak
Children aged 1–4 most affected, with 357 confirmed cases
Experts advise strict hygiene and food safety measures to curb spread
Cases of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) rose by over a quarter in England last year, according to data from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA). A total of 2,544 cases were confirmed in 2024, up from 2,018 in 2023—a 26% increase.
The rise is partly attributed to multiple foodborne outbreaks, with supermarket salad leaves identified as the leading cause of the largest incident.
Salad-linked outbreak leads to deaths and hospitalisations
The UKHSA investigated five outbreaks of STEC last year, involving 467 confirmed cases, of which 348 were in England. Contaminated salad leaves, beef and fresh fruit were among the sources.
The largest outbreak, linked to pre-packaged salad leaves, resulted in 196 confirmed cases in England alone. Across all outbreaks, 126 individuals required hospital treatment and two people died. More than a dozen supermarket products were recalled as a precaution.
Young children and travellers among the most affected
Children aged one to four years old were the most impacted demographic, accounting for 357 cases. Experts cite lower immunity, less developed hygiene practices, and a higher likelihood of seeking medical care as contributing factors.
STEC cases linked to foreign travel also rose sharply, increasing by 60%, with 183 travel-related cases reported last year.
Health experts issue hygiene warning
Dr Gauri Godbole of the UKHSA urged the public to take preventive measures, emphasising the importance of hygiene at home and abroad.
“STEC cases rose by around a quarter in 2024. While this rise is partly due to one foodborne outbreak, we have been seeing STEC cases gradually increase since 2022, and therefore it’s important for people to take steps to prevent infection.”
She added that symptoms—including diarrhoea (sometimes bloody), stomach cramps, vomiting and dehydration—should be taken seriously.
“Wash your hands with soap and warm water, clean surfaces with bleach-based products, and avoid preparing food for others if you are symptomatic or within 48 hours of recovery.”
Parents are advised to ensure children wash their hands thoroughly, especially before eating, after playing outdoors, or after visiting petting farms.
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Novo Nordisk’s Wegovy is only available via specialist NHS weight management services
Novo Nordisk loses $70bn (£52bn) in market value after major share price slump
Company cuts annual forecasts for both profit and revenue
Faces mounting competition from Eli Lilly’s Mounjaro and unauthorised compound drugs
Executive reshuffle announced as Maziar Mike Doustdar takes over as CEO
UK access to weight-loss jabs remains tightly restricted under NHS guidelines
Novo Nordisk hit by sharp fall as rivals gain ground
Novo Nordisk’s shares fell by more than 20% on Tuesday—its steepest one-day drop—wiping $70bn (£52bn) off its market capitalisation. The crash follows a revised outlook by the company, which lowered its full-year profit and sales expectations amid growing competitive pressure in the obesity drug market.
The fall pushes Novo Nordisk behind European luxury brands LVMH and Hermès in the rankings of the continent’s biggest listed companies, just weeks after reclaiming the top spot.
Profit warning and weaker sales forecast
The Danish drugmaker revised its 2025 guidance, with sales now expected to grow between 8% and 14%, down from 13% to 21%. Projected profit growth was similarly trimmed to 10%–16%, compared to the earlier range of 16%–24%.
The downgrade is attributed to several factors, including increasing demand for cheaper compound drugs—unlicensed versions of Novo’s injections—as well as competition from Eli Lilly’s GLP-1 rival, Mounjaro (Zepbound in the US).
Leadership shake-up at a critical time
Novo Nordisk announced that Maziar Mike Doustdar, currently leading international operations, will assume the role of chief executive. He will be tasked with reviving flagging demand, especially in the crucial US market.
Doustdar pledged to “increase the sense of urgency and execute differently”, aiming to “turn the picture around” in the US where market share is slipping.
Mounjaro closes in on GLP-1 dominance
GLP-1 drugs, designed to mimic hormones that regulate appetite and satiety, have become central to the growing global demand for weight-loss treatments. A recent head-to-head clinical trial, funded by Eli Lilly, showed Mounjaro delivering 20% average weight loss over 72 weeks—outperforming Novo’s Wegovy, which delivered a 14% reduction.
In May, Eli Lilly surpassed Novo Nordisk in its share of the US GLP-1 market for the first time.
Legal battles and regulatory hurdles
Novo continues to challenge unauthorised versions of its obesity jabs in court. Despite intervention by the US FDA to limit the proliferation of these compound drugs, Novo claims that mass production persists under claims of customisation and personalisation.
The company says these imitations not only pose regulatory risks but also endanger patient safety.
Limited NHS access in the UK
In the UK, Eli Lilly has gained an advantage with approval for Mounjaro to be prescribed through GP surgeries. In contrast, Novo Nordisk’s Wegovy is only available via specialist NHS weight management services.
Strict eligibility applies: patients must have a BMI over 40 and at least four related health conditions such as type 2 diabetes or sleep apnoea to qualify.
Novo’s UK chief, Sebnem Avsar Tuna, recently called on the government to broaden access, suggesting the UK could “be a role model” in tackling obesity through innovation.
Health Secretary Wes Streeting has echoed support for wider use, stating that access should be “based on need and not the ability to pay”. The government is now piloting accelerated schemes for rollout of such treatments.
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Making healthy choices has become increasingly difficult in the modern world
NHS surgeon Dr Karan Rajan promotes a simple three-ingredient recipe to support gut health and muscle maintenance.
The snack includes kefir yoghurt, raspberries, and chia seeds — all rich in fibre, protein, and beneficial compounds.
Dr Rajan advocates for low-cost, preventative health strategies over expensive treatments.
He stresses that fibre is often overlooked despite playing a crucial role in overall health.
His TikTok channel and book aim to make scientific health advice accessible to the public.
Simple advice, powerful results
Making healthy choices has become increasingly difficult in the modern world. From ultra-processed supermarket food to endless distractions on our devices, temptation is often just a click away. But NHS surgeon Dr Karan Rajan is working to make health advice more accessible, affordable and actionable — and his approach is finding a wide audience.
Dr Rajan, who has built a following of more than five million on TikTok, uses short-form videos to break down complex medical science into practical tips. His new book, This Book May Save Your Life, compiles what he describes as “everyday health hacks to worry less and live better”.
He believes the popularity of his content reflects a wider shift in public health thinking. “Healthcare systems in most countries have flaws,” Dr Rajan told The Independent. “It’s harder to see a healthcare professional in some cases, particularly for chronic diseases. It’s also expensive if you are going down the private route. People are realising that prevention is a cheaper, more effective longer-term solution for health than treatment when burdened with disease.”
Gut health on a budget
One of Dr Rajan’s most popular tips is a simple three-ingredient snack that supports both gut health and muscle strength. It’s cost-effective, easy to prepare, and packed with nutritional value.
To make the snack, start by microwaving the raspberries for around 30 seconds, then mash them to your desired consistency. The deep red colour signals the presence of anthocyanins — antioxidants linked to gut health. This serving alone offers roughly 5g of fibre.
Next, stir in a tablespoon of chia seeds. These are rich in both fibre and mucilage — a type of soluble fibre that feeds beneficial bacteria in the colon. The chia seeds also help thicken the mixture into a jam-like texture.
Finally, use the mixture as a topping on kefir yoghurt — a fermented dairy product that contains live cultures and offers an additional boost of probiotics and protein. An optional drizzle of honey can be added for sweetness.
Dr Rajan calls this a “power combo” — containing the three Ps of gut health: prebiotics, probiotics, and polyphenols.
Why fibre matters more than you think
While protein remains a hot topic in fitness and nutrition, Dr Rajan says fibre is the real unsung hero of good health.
“Both protein and fibre are essential,” he says. “There are plenty of foods and meal combos where you can get both, but if I had to over-index on one, it would be fibre.”
According to Dr Rajan, most adults in the UK don’t come close to the recommended 30g of dietary fibre per day, with average intakes falling below 20g. This gap, he warns, is causing many to miss out on wide-ranging health benefits.
“When it comes to human physiology, there aren’t many processes in] fibre isn’t involved in, either directly or indirectly,” he says. “Its benefits include regulating hormones, metabolism, appetite, the gut microbiome, mood, bowels and more.”
Prevention over cure
The popularity of Dr Rajan’s content may lie in its simplicity and evidence-based approach. Rather than focusing on quick fixes or restrictive diets, he promotes everyday changes that can be sustained long-term. His three-ingredient snack is a clear example of that philosophy — easy to make, nutritionally rich, and based on solid science.
As access to healthcare becomes more challenging for many, he believes prevention is not just practical but necessary.
“People want advice they can trust, but also apply,” he says. “Improving gut health and increasing fibre intake are two changes most people can make today — and they’ll feel better for it.”